St Claire L
Department of Psychology, University of Bristol, England.
Am J Ment Retard. 1989 Jul;94(1):88-96.
A multidimensional model of mental retardation was proposed in which impairment, subnormal behavior, and role failures were underpinned by medical, statistical, and social models of normal, respectively. Thus, individuals may be designated "retarded" in one or a combination of logically independent senses. A framework for research and theory was also provided. A new fourth dimension, socially constructed retardation or mental handicap, was defined and its etiological influences in medical, statistical, and social dimensions of retardation was considered, as were interactions of these dimensions. New strategies for operationalizing and alleviating mental retardation were identified.
提出了一种智力迟钝的多维模型，其中损伤、行为低于正常水平和角色功能障碍分别由正常的医学、统计学和社会模型作为支撑。因此，个体可能在一种或多种逻辑上独立的意义上被认定为“智力迟钝”。还提供了一个研究和理论框架。定义了一个新的第四维度，即社会建构的智力迟钝或智力障碍，并考虑了其在智力迟钝的医学、统计学和社会维度上的病因学影响，以及这些维度之间的相互作用。确定了实施和减轻智力迟钝的新策略。
