Makhzoum Abdullah, Yousefzadi Morteza, Malik Sonia, Gantet Pascal, Tremouillaux-Guiller Jocelyne
a Department of Biology , University of Western Ontario , London , Ontario , Canada.
b Department of Marine Biology , Faculty of Marine Sciences and Technology, Hormozgan University , Bandar Abbas , Iran.
Crit Rev Biotechnol. 2017 Mar;37(2):151-162. doi: 10.3109/07388551.2015.1121967. Epub 2015 Dec 15.
Strigolactones (SLs) represent an important new plant hormone class marked by their multifunctional role in plant and rhizosphere interactions. These compounds stimulate hyphal branching in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and seed germination of root parasitic plants. In addition, they are involved in the control of plant architecture by inhibiting bud outgrowth as well as many other morphological and developmental processes together with other plant hormones such as auxins and cytokinins. The biosynthetic pathway of SLs that are derived from carotenoids was partially decrypted based on the identification of mutants from a variety of plant species. Only a few SL biosynthetic and regulated genes and related regulatory transcription factors have been identified. However, functional genomics and epigenetic studies started to give first elements on the modality of the regulation of SLs related genes. Since they control plant architecture and plant-rhizosphere interaction, SLs start to be used for agronomical and biotechnological applications. Furthermore, the genes involved in the SL biosynthetic pathway and genes regulated by SL constitute interesting targets for plant breeding. Therefore, it is necessary to decipher and better understand the genetic determinants of their regulation at different levels.
独脚金内酯（SLs）是一类重要的新型植物激素，其在植物与根际相互作用中具有多功能作用。这些化合物能刺激丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）的菌丝分支以及根寄生植物的种子萌发。此外，它们与生长素和细胞分裂素等其他植物激素一起，通过抑制芽的生长以及许多其他形态和发育过程来参与植物结构的调控。基于对多种植物物种突变体的鉴定，部分解密了源自类胡萝卜素的独脚金内酯的生物合成途径。目前仅鉴定出少数独脚金内酯生物合成和调控基因以及相关的调控转录因子。然而，功能基因组学和表观遗传学研究开始为独脚金内酯相关基因的调控方式提供初步线索。由于独脚金内酯控制植物结构和植物与根际的相互作用，它们开始被用于农业和生物技术应用。此外，参与独脚金内酯生物合成途径的基因以及受独脚金内酯调控的基因构成了植物育种的有趣靶点。因此，有必要在不同层面解密并更好地理解其调控的遗传决定因素。
