Rasiah Rajah, Thangiah Govindamal, Yusoff Khalid, Manikam Rishya, Chandrasekaran Sankara Kumar, Mustafa Rujhan, Bakar Najmin Binti Abu
Department of Development Studies, Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Faculty of Medicine, University Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.
BMC Public Health. 2015 Dec 16;15:1242. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-2577-5.
Numerous studies have shown the importance of physical activity in reducing the morbidity and mortality rates caused by cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, most of these studies emphasise little on the cumulative effect of CVD risk factors. Hence, this study investigates the association between physical exercise and cumulative CVD risk factors among adults in three different age groups.
Using a sample of 7276 respondents drawn from community centers, the REDISCOVER team gathered information on physical activity, CVD risk factors (obesity, diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, tobacco use) and socioeconomic and demographic variables in Malaysia. Because the study required medical examination, a convenience sampling frame was preferred in which all volunteers were included in the study. Fasting blood samples and anthropometric (height, weight and more) measurements were collected by trained staffs. Socio-demographic and physical activity variables were recorded through questionnaires. A Chi-square test was performed to identify the bivariate association between the covariates (socioeconomic variables, demographic variables and physical activity) and outcome variable. The association between the main exposure, physical activity, and the outcome variable, cumulative CVD risk factors, was assessed using an ordinal logistic regression model, controlling for socioeconomic status and demographic influences in three different age groups, 35-49, 50-64 and 65 and above.
The mean age of participants is 51.8 (SD = 9.4). Respondents in the age groups of 35-49 (aORmoderate = 0.12; 95 % CI: 0.02 - 0.53 ) and 65 and above (aORhigh = 0.58; 95 % CI: 0.24, 0.78) showed a statistically significant inverse relationship between physical activity and cumulative CVD risk factors. However, this relationship was not significant among respondents in the 50-64 age group suggesting the possible influence of other variables, such as stress and environment.
The statistically significant results show a negative association between physical exercise and cumulative CVD risk factors. However, the lack of a significant relationship in the 50-64 age group suggests the need to include other considerations in future studies, such as stress and environment.
大量研究表明体育活动对于降低心血管疾病（CVD）所致发病率和死亡率具有重要意义。然而，这些研究大多很少强调心血管疾病风险因素的累积效应。因此，本研究调查了三个不同年龄组成年人体育锻炼与心血管疾病累积风险因素之间的关联。
REDISCOVER团队从社区中心抽取了7276名受访者作为样本，收集了有关体育活动、心血管疾病风险因素（肥胖、糖尿病、高血压、高胆固醇血症、吸烟）以及马来西亚社会经济和人口统计学变量的信息。由于该研究需要进行医学检查，因此采用了便利抽样框架，所有志愿者均纳入研究。由经过培训的工作人员采集空腹血样和人体测量数据（身高、体重等）。社会人口统计学和体育活动变量通过问卷调查进行记录。进行卡方检验以确定协变量（社会经济变量、人口统计学变量和体育活动）与结果变量之间的双变量关联。使用有序逻辑回归模型评估主要暴露因素体育活动与结果变量心血管疾病累积风险因素之间的关联，并在三个不同年龄组（35 - 49岁、50 - 64岁以及65岁及以上）中控制社会经济地位和人口统计学影响。
参与者的平均年龄为51.8岁（标准差 = 9.4）。35 - 49岁年龄组的受访者（中等强度体育活动的调整后比值比 = 0.12；95%置信区间：0.02 - 0.53）以及65岁及以上年龄组的受访者（高强度体育活动的调整后比值比 = 0.58；95%置信区间：0.24，0.78）在体育活动与心血管疾病累积风险因素之间呈现出具有统计学意义的负相关关系。然而，这种关系在50 - 64岁年龄组的受访者中并不显著，这表明可能存在其他变量的影响，如压力和环境。
具有统计学意义的结果表明体育锻炼与心血管疾病累积风险因素之间存在负相关关系。然而，50 - 64岁年龄组缺乏显著关系表明未来研究需要纳入其他考虑因素，如压力和环境。
