Leconte P
L.A.B.A.C.O.L.I.L. Université de Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr Suppl. 1989;1:21-35.
Memory performances are not constant but undergo fluctuations whose periodicity may be analyzed. Low frequency infradian rhythms (periods longer than 28 hours), circadian rhythms (periods between 20 and 28 hours) and ultradian rhythms (periods less than 20 hours) are involved in memory disorders. Paradoxical sleep represents a preferential period in which certain processes, such as the activation of the central nervous system for example, may facilitate learning process. Relations between sleep and memory lead to the discussion of the incidence of the cyclic nature of sleep (and notably the rhythm of 90 minutes' paradoxical sleep) on the daily course of cerebral activation and its effects on the variable aptitude of our capacity for remembering. The close interrelation between biological rhythms and cognition is demonstrated using two examples of mental disorders in which severe memory deficiencies are observed.
记忆表现并非一成不变，而是会出现波动，其周期性可以进行分析。低频次昼夜节律（周期长于28小时）、昼夜节律（周期在20至28小时之间）和超昼夜节律（周期短于20小时）都与记忆障碍有关。异相睡眠是一个特殊时期，在此期间某些过程，比如中枢神经系统的激活等，可能会促进学习过程。睡眠与记忆之间的关系引发了关于睡眠周期性（尤其是90分钟异相睡眠节律）在大脑激活日常过程中的发生率及其对我们记忆能力可变适应性影响的讨论。生物节律与认知之间的密切相互关系通过两个观察到严重记忆缺陷的精神障碍实例得以证明。
