听力损失老年人在噪声环境中进行单词识别时的扣带回-岛叶功能。
Cingulo-Opercular Function During Word Recognition in Noise for Older Adults with Hearing Loss.
作者信息
Vaden Kenneth I, Kuchinsky Stefanie E, Ahlstrom Jayne B, Teubner-Rhodes Susan E, Dubno Judy R, Eckert Mark A
机构信息
a Hearing Research Program, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston , South Carolina , USA.
b Center for Advanced Study of Language , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland , USA.
出版信息
Exp Aging Res. 2016;42(1):67-82. doi: 10.1080/0361073X.2016.1108784.
BACKGROUND/STUDY CONTEXT: Adaptive control, reflected by elevated activity in cingulo-opercular brain regions, optimizes performance in challenging tasks by monitoring outcomes and adjusting behavior. For example, cingulo-opercular function benefits trial-level word recognition in noise for normal-hearing adults. Because auditory system deficits may limit the communicative benefit from adaptive control, we examined the extent to which cingulo-opercular engagement supports word recognition in noise for older adults with hearing loss (HL).
METHODS
Participants were selected to form groups with Less HL (n = 12; mean pure tone threshold, pure tone average [PTA] = 19.2 ± 4.8 dB HL [hearing level]) and More HL (n = 12; PTA = 38.4 ± 4.5 dB HL, 0.25-8 kHz, both ears). A word recognition task was performed with words presented in multitalker babble at +3 or +10 dB signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) during a sparse acquisition fMRI experiment. The participants were middle-aged and older (ages: 64.1 ± 8.4 years) English speakers with no history of neurological or psychiatric diagnoses.
RESULTS
Elevated cingulo-opercular activity occurred with increased likelihood of correct word recognition on the next trial (t(23) = 3.28, p = .003), and this association did not differ between hearing loss groups. During trials with word recognition errors, the More HL group exhibited higher blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) contrast in occipital and parietal regions compared with the Less HL group. Across listeners, more pronounced cingulo-opercular activity during recognition errors was associated with better overall word recognition performance.
CONCLUSION
The trial-level word recognition benefit from cingulo-opercular activity was equivalent for both hearing loss groups. When speech audibility and performance levels are similar for older adults with mild to moderate hearing loss, cingulo-opercular adaptive control contributes to word recognition in noise.
背景/研究背景：适应性控制通过监测结果和调整行为来优化挑战性任务中的表现，这在扣带回-脑岛叶区域的活动增强中有所体现。例如，扣带回-脑岛叶功能有助于正常听力的成年人在有噪声环境下进行逐次单词识别。由于听觉系统缺陷可能会限制适应性控制带来的交流益处，我们研究了扣带回-脑岛叶的参与在多大程度上支持听力损失（HL）的老年人在噪声环境下的单词识别。
方法
选取参与者组成听力损失较轻组（n = 12；平均纯音阈值，纯音平均[PTA] = 19.2 ± 4.8 dB HL[听力水平]）和听力损失较重组（n = 12；PTA = 38.4 ± 4.5 dB HL，双耳，0.25 - 8 kHz）。在稀疏采集功能磁共振成像实验中，以+3或+10 dB的信噪比（SNR）在多说话者嘈杂声中呈现单词进行单词识别任务。参与者为说英语的中老年人（年龄：64.1 ± 8.4岁），无神经或精神疾病诊断史。
结果
扣带回-脑岛叶活动增强与下一次试验中正确单词识别的可能性增加相关（t(23) = 3.28，p = .003），且这种关联在听力损失组之间没有差异。在单词识别错误的试验中，与听力损失较轻组相比，听力损失较重组在枕叶和顶叶区域表现出更高的血氧水平依赖（BOLD）对比度。在所有听众中，识别错误时更明显的扣带回-脑岛叶活动与更好的整体单词识别表现相关。
结论
扣带回-脑岛叶活动在逐次试验水平上对单词识别的益处对两个听力损失组是相同的。当轻度至中度听力损失的老年人的言语可听度和表现水平相似时，扣带回-脑岛叶适应性控制有助于在噪声环境下的单词识别。
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