Carson Claire, Redshaw Maggie, Gray Ron, Quigley Maria A
Policy Research Unit in Maternal Health and Care, National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
BMJ Open. 2015 Dec 18;5(12):e007942. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-007942.
To assess whether the parents of babies born preterm (PT; <37 weeks completed gestation) are at excess risk of psychological distress (PD) at 9 months postpartum, and to explore the influence of the degree of prematurity.
Data were drawn from the UK Millennium Cohort Study, a nationally representative prospective cohort of babies born in 2000-2002. 12,100 families with complete data available for both parents at recruitment (9 months postpartum) are included.
Mothers report of gestational age at birth (in weeks) was grouped into: very PT (<32 weeks), moderately PT (32-33 weeks), late PT (34-36 weeks), early term (37-38 weeks), full-term (39-41 weeks), post-term (42 weeks). PD was assessed using a modified Rutter Malaise Inventory, a validated instrument that has been used in both men and women to assess levels of anxiety and distress.
Overall, 7% of families reported a PT birth; 12.1% of mothers and 8.9% of fathers showed signs of PD at 9 months postpartum. The mothers of very PT infants had an increased risk of PD, compared with the mothers of full-term babies (unadjusted OR 2.10 (1.30 to 3.39; adjusted OR 1.66 (1.02 to 2.69)). Mothers of moderate or late PT babies had no apparent increased risk of PD. However, mothers of early term babies also showed a small excess risk of PD (adjusted OR 1.16 (0.99 to 1.36)). Unadjusted analysis suggested a doubling in the risk of PD in fathers of very and moderately PT babies, compared with fathers of full-term babies, which remains statistically significant after adjustment in the moderately PT group (adjusted OR1.98 (1.20 to 3.29)).
The parents of very PT children are at an increased risk of PD at 9 months postpartum, and mothers of children born at early term also see an elevated risk compared with mothers of full-term babies.
评估早产（PT；妊娠<37周）婴儿的父母在产后9个月时出现心理困扰（PD）的风险是否更高，并探讨早产程度的影响。
数据来自英国千禧队列研究，这是一项对2000 - 2002年出生婴儿具有全国代表性的前瞻性队列研究。纳入了12100个家庭，这些家庭在招募时（产后9个月）父母双方都有完整数据。
母亲报告的出生孕周（以周为单位）分为：极早产（<32周）、中度早产（32 - 33周）、晚期早产（34 - 36周）、早期足月（37 - 38周）、足月（39 - 41周）、过期产（42周）。使用改良的拉特不适量表评估心理困扰，这是一种经过验证的工具，已用于男性和女性以评估焦虑和困扰程度。
总体而言，7%的家庭报告有早产分娩；12.1%的母亲和8.9%的父亲在产后9个月出现心理困扰迹象。与足月婴儿的母亲相比，极早产婴儿的母亲出现心理困扰的风险增加（未调整的比值比为2.10（1.30至3.39）；调整后的比值比为1.66（1.02至2.69））。中度或晚期早产婴儿的母亲出现心理困扰的风险没有明显增加。然而，早期足月婴儿的母亲也显示出略高的心理困扰风险（调整后的比值比为1.16（0.99至1.36））。未调整分析表明，与足月婴儿的父亲相比，极早产和中度早产婴儿的父亲出现心理困扰的风险翻倍，在中度早产组调整后仍具有统计学意义（调整后的比值比为1.98（1.20至3.29））。
极早产儿童的父母在产后9个月出现心理困扰的风险增加，与足月婴儿的母亲相比，早期足月出生儿童的母亲出现心理困扰的风险也有所升高。
