Lamm Steven H, Ferdosi Hamid, Dissen Elisabeth K, Li Ji, Ahn Jaeil
Center for Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Consultants in Epidemiology and Occupational Health (CEOH), Washington, DC 20016, USA.
Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University-Bloomberg, Baltimore, MA 21205, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 Dec 7;12(12):15498-515. doi: 10.3390/ijerph121214990.
High levels (> 200 µg/L) of inorganic arsenic in drinking water are known to be a cause of human lung cancer, but the evidence at lower levels is uncertain. We have sought the epidemiological studies that have examined the dose-response relationship between arsenic levels in drinking water and the risk of lung cancer over a range that includes both high and low levels of arsenic. Regression analysis, based on six studies identified from an electronic search, examined the relationship between the log of the relative risk and the log of the arsenic exposure over a range of 1-1000 µg/L. The best-fitting continuous meta-regression model was sought and found to be a no-constant linear-quadratic analysis where both the risk and the exposure had been logarithmically transformed. This yielded both a statistically significant positive coefficient for the quadratic term and a statistically significant negative coefficient for the linear term. Sub-analyses by study design yielded results that were similar for both ecological studies and non-ecological studies. Statistically significant X-intercepts consistently found no increased level of risk at approximately 100-150 µg/L arsenic.
已知饮用水中高含量（>200µg/L）的无机砷会导致人类肺癌，但低含量时的证据尚不明确。我们查找了相关流行病学研究，这些研究在涵盖高、低砷含量的范围内，考察了饮用水中砷含量与肺癌风险之间的剂量反应关系。基于电子检索确定的六项研究进行回归分析，在1 - 1000µg/L的范围内，考察了相对风险的对数与砷暴露量的对数之间的关系。寻找并发现最佳拟合的连续元回归模型为无常数线性二次分析，其中风险和暴露量均进行了对数转换。这产生了二次项的统计学显著正系数和线性项的统计学显著负系数。按研究设计进行的亚分析得出的结果，对于生态学研究和非生态学研究而言相似。统计学显著的X截距始终表明，在砷含量约为100 - 150µg/L时，风险水平未增加。
