Milne F J, James S H, Veriava Y
Department of Medicine, Coronation Hospital, Johannesburg.
S Afr Med J. 1989 Aug 19;76(4):164-7.
Malignant hypertension is an important cause of morbidity and mortality among urban black South Africans. Hypertension accounts for 15.9% of all patients and for 34.6% of blacks receiving treatment for end-stage renal failure. Malignant hypertension is more commonly diagnosed than benign hypertension and two-thirds of patients present in the age group 30 - 49 years. Together they are the most common preventable cause of end-stage renal failure in this country. Acute partially reversible renal failure occurs in 20% of patients with malignant hypertension who require dialysis. This is an important subgroup, who may be recognised by their younger age, female preponderance and fulminant presentation. Short-term peritoneal dialysis and effective control of blood pressure will result in satisfactory return of renal function. However, only adequate country-wide control of hypertension will prevent these costly renal complications.
恶性高血压是南非城市黑人发病和死亡的重要原因。高血压占所有患者的15.9%，占接受终末期肾衰竭治疗的黑人患者的34.6%。恶性高血压比良性高血压更常被诊断出来，三分之二的患者年龄在30至49岁之间。它们共同构成了该国终末期肾衰竭最常见的可预防原因。20%需要透析的恶性高血压患者会发生急性部分可逆性肾衰竭。这是一个重要的亚组，其特点可能是年龄较轻、女性居多且起病急骤。短期腹膜透析和有效的血压控制将使肾功能得到满意恢复。然而，只有在全国范围内充分控制高血压，才能预防这些代价高昂的肾脏并发症。
