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为儿科重症监护病房住院儿童的家长制定一种压力筛查措施。

Development of a screening measure of stress for parents of children hospitalised in a Paediatric Intensive Care Unit.

作者信息

Rodríguez-Rey Rocío, Alonso-Tapia Jesús

机构信息

Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Psychology Faculty, C/Ivan Pavlov, 6, CP 28049, Madrid, Spain..

出版信息

Aust Crit Care. 2016 Aug;29(3):151-7. doi: 10.1016/j.aucc.2015.11.002. Epub 2015 Dec 12.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Having a child admitted to intensive care is a highly stressful experience for parents; however there is a lack of screening instruments of parental stress in that context, which would be useful for both, research and clinical purposes.

OBJECTIVES

(1) To validate a brief measure of parental stress based on the Parental Stressor Scale: Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PSS:PICU), (2) to study which environmental factors of the PICU are more stressful in a sample of Spanish parents, and (3) to study which variables are related to higher levels of stress among this group.

METHOD

196 Spanish parents completed the Abbreviated PSS: PICU (A-PSS:PICU) and a general stress scale (the Perceived Stress Scale) upon their child's discharge to test the convergent validity of the tool. Three months later, they were assessed anxiety and depression using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and posttraumatic stress with the Davidson Trauma Scale in order to test the predictive validity of the A-PSS:PICU.

RESULTS

Two factors emerged from Confirmatory Factor Analyses, (1) stress due to child's condition and (2) stress related to PICU's staff. The A-PSS:PICU showed adequate reliability and convergent and predictive validity. The most stressful aspects were the behaviours and emotional responses of their child and the loss of their parental role. Age, gender, child's condition, length of admission, spiritual beliefs, and mechanical ventilation were associated to parental stress scores.

CONCLUSION

The A-PSS:PICU is a reliable and valid measure. Parental stress should be screened during a child's PICU admission to identify parents at risk of post-discharge distress.

摘要

背景

孩子入住重症监护病房对父母来说是一段压力极大的经历;然而,在这种情况下缺乏用于筛查父母压力的工具,而这对研究和临床目的均会有所帮助。

目的

(1)基于《父母压力源量表:儿科重症监护病房》(PSS:PICU)验证一种简短的父母压力测量方法,(2)研究在一组西班牙父母样本中,儿科重症监护病房的哪些环境因素压力更大,(3)研究该组中哪些变量与更高水平的压力相关。

方法

196名西班牙父母在孩子出院时完成了《简化版PSS:PICU》(A-PSS:PICU)和一个一般压力量表(感知压力量表),以测试该工具的收敛效度。三个月后,使用医院焦虑抑郁量表评估他们的焦虑和抑郁情况,并用戴维森创伤量表评估创伤后应激情况,以测试A-PSS:PICU的预测效度。

结果

验证性因素分析得出两个因素,(1)因孩子病情产生的压力,(2)与儿科重症监护病房工作人员相关的压力。A-PSS:PICU显示出足够的信度以及收敛效度和预测效度。压力最大的方面是孩子的行为和情绪反应以及父母角色的丧失。年龄、性别、孩子的病情、住院时间、精神信仰和机械通气与父母压力得分相关。

结论

A-PSS:PICU是一种可靠且有效的测量方法。在孩子入住儿科重症监护病房期间应筛查父母压力,以识别有出院后困扰风险的父母。

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