Zettel-Watson Laura, Suen Meagan, Wehbe Lara, Rutledge Dana N, Cherry Barbara J
Department of Psychology, California State University, Fullerton, California, USA.
Gerontology Academic Program, California State University, Fullerton, California, USA.
Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2017 Jan;17(1):108-115. doi: 10.1111/ggi.12682. Epub 2015 Dec 23.
The present study explored whether certain physical performance measures could be linked to specific cognitive domains in healthy older adults.
A total of 50 adults (mean age 69.5 years, SD 8.1) were evaluated on physical performance using measures of balance (Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale), functional mobility (8-ft up-and-go), lower body strength (30-s chair stand), gait (30-ft walk velocity) and aerobic endurance (6-min walk). Cognitive measures included Stroop Color-Word Test, Digit Span Backward, Trail Making Tests, Everyday Problems Test, Digit Symbol Substitution and a Brown-Peterson test. Principal component analyses reduced cognition to domains of processing speed, inhibition and working memory.
Hierarchical regression analyses were carried out with age and each physical measure as potential predictors of the three cognitive domains. The balance scale and 6-min walk were specifically associated with processing speed, inhibition and working memory.
Better dynamic balance and aerobic endurance predicted enhanced processing speed, inhibition and working memory in older adults, with these last two domains considered components of executive function. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 108-115.
本研究探讨了某些身体机能指标是否与健康老年人的特定认知领域相关。
共对50名成年人（平均年龄69.5岁，标准差8.1）进行了身体机能评估，使用的指标包括平衡能力（富勒顿高级平衡量表）、功能性活动能力（8英尺起身行走测试）、下肢力量（30秒椅子站立测试）、步态（30英尺步行速度）和有氧耐力（6分钟步行测试）。认知测试包括斯特鲁普颜色-文字测试、数字倒背、连线测试、日常问题测试、数字符号替换测试和布朗-彼得森测试。主成分分析将认知能力归纳为加工速度、抑制能力和工作记忆等领域。
进行了分层回归分析，将年龄和各项身体机能指标作为三个认知领域的潜在预测因素。平衡量表和6分钟步行测试与加工速度、抑制能力和工作记忆特别相关。
更好的动态平衡能力和有氧耐力预示着老年人的加工速度、抑制能力和工作记忆会增强，后两个领域被认为是执行功能的组成部分。《老年医学与老年病学国际杂志》2017年；17: 108 - 115。
