Physical Education Department, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, PR, Brazil.
Center for Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
Braz J Phys Ther. 2019 Jan-Feb;23(1):48-55. doi: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2018.06.002. Epub 2018 Jun 22.
There is a poor understanding of the dose-response relationship between years of physical activity and motor and cognitive function. We determined the dose-response effects of physical activity duration in years on motor and cognitive function and their relationship in healthy old females.
To determine the dose-effects of physical activity duration in years on motor and cognitive function and their relationship in health aging adults.
We conducted a retrospective observational study with 201 old (age 69 years; SD=5.9) and 12 young (mean age 21 years; SD=1.9) females, with sub-groups based on number of years of self-reported physical activity. Aerobic capacity, mobility, functional reach, standing balance, global cognition, episodic memory, executive function, and processing speed were assessed with performance-based tests. We analyzed sub-group differences quantitatively and qualitatively and performed regression and mediation analyses to determine predictors and mediators of physical activity effects.
Based on physical activity of minimal (0.3 y, n=29), short (2.4 y, n=77), moderate (6.2 y, n=36) and long (16.6 y, n=59) duration, physical activity for at least 2.4 years affords old adults benefits in body mass index with peak dose-effects present in aerobic capacity and mobility at 6.2 years without additional benefits after 16.6 years of physical activity. Physical activity for any duration had no effects on functional reach, balance, executive function, episodic memory, and processing speed. Although weakly mobility predicted global cognition and executive function.
Performing physical activity up to 6.2 years on average had favorable effects on body mass index, aerobic capacity and mobility. The data strengthen current recommendations for an active lifestyle in adulthood to prevent aging-related motor and cognitive decline.
人们对体力活动年限与运动和认知功能之间的剂量-反应关系了解甚少。我们确定了体力活动持续时间（以年为单位）对健康老年女性运动和认知功能的剂量-反应效应及其关系。
确定体力活动持续时间（以年为单位）对运动和认知功能的剂量效应及其在健康老年人中的关系。
我们进行了一项回顾性观察研究，纳入了 201 名老年（年龄 69 岁；标准差=5.9）和 12 名年轻（平均年龄 21 岁；标准差=1.9）女性，根据自我报告的体力活动年限分为亚组。使用基于表现的测试评估有氧运动能力、移动能力、功能性伸手距离、站立平衡、整体认知、情景记忆、执行功能和处理速度。我们对亚组差异进行了定量和定性分析，并进行了回归和中介分析，以确定体力活动效应的预测因子和中介因子。
根据最低（0.3 年，n=29）、较短（2.4 年，n=77）、适度（6.2 年，n=36）和较长（16.6 年，n=59）体力活动年限，至少 2.4 年的体力活动使老年成年人在身体质量指数方面受益，峰值效应出现在 6.2 年的有氧运动能力和移动能力上，16.6 年的体力活动后没有额外的益处。任何年限的体力活动对功能性伸手距离、平衡、执行功能、情景记忆和处理速度均无影响。虽然移动能力较弱预测整体认知和执行功能。
平均进行 6.2 年的体力活动对身体质量指数、有氧运动能力和移动能力有有利影响。数据强化了当前在成年期积极生活方式的建议，以预防与衰老相关的运动和认知下降。
