Oh Min, Nör Jacques E
Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry Ann Arbor, MI, USA ; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan School of Medicine Ann Arbor, MI, USA ; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan College of Engineering Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Front Physiol. 2015 Dec 2;6:367. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00367. eCollection 2015.
Postnatal stem cells are typically found in niches that provide signaling cues to maintain their self-renewal and multipotency. While stem cell populations may serve distinct purposes within their tissue of origin, understanding the conserved biology of stem cells and their respective niches provides insights to the behavior of these cells during homeostasis and tissue repair. Here, we discuss perivascular niches of two distinct stem cell populations (i.e., hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells) and explore mechanisms that sustain these stem cells postnatally. We highlight work that demonstrates the impact of cellular crosstalk to stem cell self-renewal and maintenance of functional perivascular niches. We also discuss the importance of the crosstalk within the perivascular niche to the biology of stem cells, and describe the regenerative potential of perivascular cells. We postulate that signaling events that establish and/or stabilize the perivascular niche, particularly through the modulation of self-renewing factors, are key to the long-term success of regenerated tissues.
产后干细胞通常存在于微环境中，这些微环境提供信号线索以维持其自我更新和多能性。虽然干细胞群体在其起源组织中可能发挥不同的作用，但了解干细胞及其各自微环境的保守生物学特性有助于深入了解这些细胞在体内平衡和组织修复过程中的行为。在这里，我们讨论两种不同干细胞群体（即造血干细胞、间充质干细胞）的血管周围微环境，并探讨产后维持这些干细胞的机制。我们重点介绍了一些研究工作，这些工作证明了细胞间相互作用对干细胞自我更新和功能性血管周围微环境维持的影响。我们还讨论了血管周围微环境内的相互作用对干细胞生物学的重要性，并描述了血管周围细胞的再生潜力。我们推测，建立和/或稳定血管周围微环境的信号事件，特别是通过调节自我更新因子，是再生组织长期成功的关键。
