Division of General Surgery, Department of General Surgery, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey.
Division of Trauma, Department of General Surgery, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey.
J Surg Educ. 2016 Jan-Feb;73(1):12-23. doi: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2015.09.001. Epub 2015 Dec 11.
Upper and lower endoscopy is an important tool that is being utilized more frequently by general surgeons. Training in therapeutic endoscopic techniques has become a mandatory requirement for general surgery residency programs in the United States. The Fundamentals of Endoscopic Surgery has been developed to train and assess competency in these advanced techniques. Simulation has been shown to increase the skill and learning curve of trainees in other surgical disciplines. Several types of endoscopy simulators are commercially available; mechanical trainers, animal based, and virtual reality or computer-based simulators all have their benefits and limitations. However they have all been shown to improve trainee's endoscopic skills. Endoscopic simulators will play a critical role as part of a comprehensive curriculum designed to train the next generation of surgeons. We reviewed recent literature related to the various types of endoscopic simulators and their use in an educational curriculum, and discuss the relevant findings.
上消化道内镜和下消化道内镜是普通外科医生经常使用的重要工具。在美国，治疗性内镜技术的培训已成为普通外科住院医师培训计划的强制性要求。内镜外科技能基础课程的设立是为了培训和评估这些先进技术的能力。模拟已经证明可以提高其他外科专业学员的技能和学习曲线。有几种类型的内镜模拟器在商业上可用；机械训练器、基于动物的模拟器以及虚拟现实或基于计算机的模拟器都有其优点和局限性。然而，它们都被证明可以提高学员的内镜技能。内镜模拟器将作为旨在培训下一代外科医生的综合课程的重要组成部分发挥关键作用。我们回顾了与各种类型的内镜模拟器及其在教育课程中的应用相关的最新文献，并讨论了相关发现。
