Eom Dae Seok, Bain Emily J, Patterson Larissa B, Grout Megan E, Parichy David M
Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States.
Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, United States.
Elife. 2015 Dec 23;4:e12401. doi: 10.7554/eLife.12401.
Changes in gene activity are essential for evolutionary diversification. Yet, elucidating the cellular behaviors that underlie modifications to adult form remains a profound challenge. We use neural crest-derived adult pigmentation of zebrafish and pearl danio to uncover cellular bases for alternative pattern states. We show that stripes in zebrafish require a novel class of thin, fast cellular projection to promote Delta-Notch signaling over long distances from cells of the xanthophore lineage to melanophores. Projections depended on microfilaments and microtubules, exhibited meandering trajectories, and stabilized on target cells to which they delivered membraneous vesicles. By contrast, the uniformly patterned pearl danio lacked such projections, concomitant with Colony stimulating factor 1-dependent changes in xanthophore differentiation that likely curtail signaling available to melanophores. Our study reveals a novel mechanism of cellular communication, roles for differentiation state heterogeneity in pigment cell interactions, and an unanticipated morphogenetic behavior contributing to a striking difference in adult form.
基因活动的变化对于进化多样化至关重要。然而，阐明导致成体形态改变的细胞行为仍然是一项巨大的挑战。我们利用斑马鱼和珍珠丹鱼源自神经嵴的成体色素沉着来揭示不同图案状态的细胞基础。我们发现斑马鱼的条纹需要一类新型的细而快速的细胞突起，以促进从黄色素细胞谱系的细胞到黑素细胞的长距离Delta-Notch信号传导。突起依赖于微丝和微管，呈现蜿蜒的轨迹，并在它们向其递送膜泡的靶细胞上稳定下来。相比之下，图案均匀的珍珠丹鱼缺乏这种突起，同时黄色素细胞分化中存在集落刺激因子1依赖性变化，这可能会减少可用于黑素细胞的信号传导。我们的研究揭示了一种新型的细胞通讯机制、色素细胞相互作用中分化状态异质性的作用，以及一种意想不到的形态发生行为，这种行为导致了成体形态的显著差异。
