Luepker Russell V, Steffen Lyn M, Duval Sue, Zantek Nicole D, Zhou Xia, Hirsch Alan T
Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (R.V.L., L.M.S., X.Z., A.T.H.) Lillehei Heart Institute and Cardiovascular Division, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN (R.V.L., S.D., A.T.H.).
Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (R.V.L., L.M.S., X.Z., A.T.H.).
J Am Heart Assoc. 2015 Dec 23;4(12):e002320. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.115.002320.
Daily low-dose aspirin is recommended for primary prevention of myocardial infarction and stroke in higher-risk patients. Population trends in aspirin use for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention in an urban population (Minneapolis/St. Paul, 2010 population 2.85 million) from 1980 to 2009 were evaluated.
Surveys of randomly selected adults aged 25 to 74 years were collected at 5-year intervals. Self-reports of regular aspirin use for CVD prevention and history of CVD were obtained. Six cross-sectional surveys included 12 281 men and 14 258 women. Age-adjusted aspirin use for primary prevention increased during this period from 1% to 21% among men and 1% to 12% among women. Aspirin use was highest in those aged 65 to 74 years. For secondary prevention, age-adjusted aspirin use increased from 19% to 74% among men and 11% to 64% among women. While data are based on self-report, a substudy using a biochemical indicator of aspirin use (serum thromboxane B2) supports the validity of self-report.
Aspirin for CVD prevention is commonly used by a large and growing portion of the general population. It is not known if this is based on professional advice or self-prescribed use. It is also likely that many who would benefit do not use aspirin and others use aspirin inappropriately.
对于高危患者，建议每日服用低剂量阿司匹林以预防心肌梗死和中风。评估了1980年至2009年城市人口（明尼阿波利斯/圣保罗，2010年人口285万）中使用阿司匹林预防心血管疾病（CVD）的人群趋势。
每隔5年收集对随机选取的25至74岁成年人的调查数据。获取了关于常规使用阿司匹林预防CVD的自我报告以及CVD病史。六项横断面调查包括12281名男性和14258名女性。在此期间，年龄调整后的男性一级预防阿司匹林使用率从1%增至21%，女性从1%增至12%。65至74岁人群的阿司匹林使用率最高。对于二级预防，年龄调整后的男性阿司匹林使用率从19%增至74%，女性从11%增至64%。虽然数据基于自我报告，但一项使用阿司匹林使用生化指标（血清血栓素B2）的子研究支持了自我报告的有效性。
普通人群中越来越多的人普遍使用阿司匹林预防CVD。尚不清楚这是基于专业建议还是自行用药。也很可能许多能从阿司匹林中获益的人未使用，而其他人则使用不当。
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