Tăbăran Alexandru-Flaviu, Nagy Andras Laszlo, Cătoi Cornel, Morar Iancu, Tăbăran Alexandra, Mihaiu Marian, Bolfa Pompei
Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Mănăştur Street, Cluj-Napoca, 400372, Romania.
Department of Veterinary Toxicology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Mănăştur Street, Cluj-Napoca, 400372, Romania.
BMC Vet Res. 2015 Dec 30;11:309. doi: 10.1186/s12917-015-0623-2.
In veterinary medicine congenital abnormalities of the diaphragm and pericardium are rare, idiopathic malformations, being reported mainly in dogs. This report documents an unusual case of developmental defects in a foal consisting of diaphragmatic hernia concurrent with pericardial aplasia.
Following a normal delivery, a full term, female Friesian stillborn foal with the placenta was presented for necropsy. External morphological examination indicated a normally developed foal. At necropsy, a large oval defect (approximately 20 × 15 cm in size) was observed in the left-dorsal side of the diaphragm (left lumbocostal triangle). This defect allowed the intestinal loops, spleen and partially the liver to translocate into the thorax. The loops of the left ascending colon, including the pelvic flexure and partially the small intestine covered the cranial and dorsal posterior parts of the heart due to the complete absence of the left pericardium. The remaining pericardium presented as a white, semi-transparent strip, partially covering the right side of the heart. The left lung and the main bronchus were severely hypoplastic to approximately one-fifth the size of their right homologue. The intermediate part of the liver, containing mainly the enlarged quadrate lobe was translocated in the thorax, severely enlarged and showed marked fibrosis. Histologically in the herniated lobes we diagnosed hepatic chronic passive congestion, telangiectasia and medial hypertrophy of blood vessels.
Concomitant malformation involving diaphragmatic hernia and pericardial aplasia in horses have not been previously reported. Moreover, this is the first case describing pericardial aplasia in horse.
在兽医学中，膈肌和心包的先天性异常较为罕见，属于特发性畸形，主要在犬类中报道。本报告记录了一匹马驹发育缺陷的罕见病例，该病例包括膈肌疝并发心包发育不全。
一匹足月出生、雌性弗里斯兰死产马驹与胎盘一同被送检进行尸检。外部形态检查显示该马驹发育正常。尸检时，在膈肌的左背侧（左腰肋三角）观察到一个大的椭圆形缺损（大小约为20×15厘米）。该缺损使肠袢、脾脏和部分肝脏移位至胸腔。由于左心包完全缺失，左升结肠袢，包括骨盆弯曲部和部分小肠覆盖了心脏的头侧和背侧后部。其余心包呈白色半透明条带，部分覆盖心脏右侧。左肺和主支气管严重发育不全，约为右侧同源器官大小的五分之一。肝脏中间部分，主要包含肿大的方形叶，移位至胸腔，严重肿大并显示明显纤维化。组织学检查显示，在疝入的叶中，我们诊断出肝慢性被动性充血、毛细血管扩张和血管中层肥厚。
此前尚未报道过马匹同时出现膈肌疝和心包发育不全的畸形情况。此外，这是首例描述马匹心包发育不全的病例。
