Guo Peng-ran, Lei Yong-qian, Zhou Qiao-li, Wang Chang, Pan Jia-chuan
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2015 Sep;36(9):3447-56.
This study aimed to investigate the pollution degree and human health risk of heavy metals in soil and air samples around electroplating factories. Soil, air and waste gas samples were collected to measure 8 heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn) in two electroplating factories, located in Baiyun district of Guangzhou city. Geoaccumulation index and USEPA Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund (RAGS) were respectively carried out. Results showed that concentrations of Hg and Pb in waste gas and Cr in air samples were higher than limits of the corresponding quality standards, and concentrations of Cd, Hg and Zn in soil samples reached the moderate pollution level. The HQ and HI of exposure by heavy metals in air and soil samples were both lower than 1, indicating that there was no non-carcinogen risk. CRAs and CRCr in soil samples were beyond the maximum acceptable level of carcinogen risk (10(-4)), and the contribution rate of CRCr to TCR was over 81%. CRCr, CRNi and TCR in air samples were in range of 10(-6) - 10(-4), indicating there was possibly carcinogen risk but was acceptable risk. CR values for children were higher than adults in soils, but were higher for adults in air samples. Correlation analysis revealed that concentrations of heavy metals in soils were significantly correlated with these in waste gas samples, and PCA data showed pollution sources of Cd, Hg and Zn in soils were different from other metals.
本研究旨在调查电镀厂周边土壤和空气样本中重金属的污染程度及对人体健康的风险。采集了广州市白云区两家电镀厂的土壤、空气和废气样本，以测定8种重金属（砷、镉、铬、铜、汞、镍、铅和锌）的含量。分别进行了地累积指数和美国环境保护局超级基金风险评估指南（RAGS）分析。结果表明，废气中的汞和铅以及空气样本中的铬浓度高于相应质量标准限值，土壤样本中的镉、汞和锌浓度达到中度污染水平。空气和土壤样本中重金属暴露的危害商（HQ）和危害指数（HI）均低于1，表明不存在非致癌风险。土壤样本中铬的致癌风险评估（CRAs）和铬的致癌风险（CRCr）超过了致癌风险的最大可接受水平（10⁻⁴），且CRCr对总致癌风险（TCR）的贡献率超过81%。空气样本中CRCr、CRNi和TCR在10⁻⁶ - 10⁻⁴范围内，表明存在可能的致癌风险但属于可接受风险。土壤中儿童的CR值高于成人，但空气样本中成人的CR值更高。相关性分析表明，土壤中重金属浓度与废气样本中的浓度显著相关，主成分分析（PCA）数据显示土壤中镉、汞和锌的污染源与其他金属不同。
