Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Br J Sports Med. 2016 Jul;50(13):796-803. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2015-094787. Epub 2015 Dec 30.
Exercise may be associated with increased health-related quality of life (QoL) in patients with cancer, but it is not prescribed as standard care during or after cancer treatment. We systematically reviewed the methodological quality of, and summarised the evidence from, randomised controlled trials (RCTs). A meta-analysis was performed to examine the effectiveness of exercise in improving the QoL in patients with cancer, during and after medical treatment.
RCTs that met the PICO (Patient Intervention Control Outcome) format were included in this study. 16 RCTs were identified through a search of Embase, Medline (OvidSP) and the Cochrane Library. These trials were reviewed for substantive results and the methodological quality was assessed using the Delphi criteria list.
Exercise interventions differed widely in content, frequency, duration and intensity. Based on the meta-analysis, exercise improved QoL significantly in patients with cancer as compared to usual care (mean difference 5.55, 95% CI (3.19 to 7.90), p<0.001). Other outcomes closely related to QoL, such as fatigue and physical functioning, also improved.
Exercise has a direct positive impact on QoL in patients with cancer, during and following medical intervention. Exercise is a clinically relevant treatment and should be an adjunct to disease therapy in oncology.
运动可能与癌症患者的健康相关生活质量（QoL）提高有关，但在癌症治疗期间或之后，运动并未被规定为标准治疗方法。我们系统地回顾了随机对照试验（RCT）的方法学质量，并总结了其中的证据。进行了荟萃分析，以检查运动在改善癌症患者治疗期间和之后的生活质量方面的有效性。
符合 PICO（患者干预对照结局）格式的 RCT 被纳入本研究。通过对 Embase、Medline（OvidSP）和 Cochrane 图书馆的搜索，确定了 16 项 RCT。这些试验根据实质性结果进行了审查，并使用 Delphi 标准清单评估了方法学质量。
运动干预在内容、频率、持续时间和强度上差异很大。基于荟萃分析，与常规护理相比，运动显著改善了癌症患者的生活质量（平均差异 5.55，95%CI（3.19 至 7.90），p<0.001）。其他与生活质量密切相关的结果，如疲劳和身体机能，也得到了改善。
运动对癌症患者治疗期间和之后的生活质量有直接的积极影响。运动是一种具有临床意义的治疗方法，应该成为肿瘤学疾病治疗的辅助手段。
