Giustina Marissa, Versteegh Marijn A M, Wengerowsky Sören, Handsteiner Johannes, Hochrainer Armin, Phelan Kevin, Steinlechner Fabian, Kofler Johannes, Larsson Jan-Åke, Abellán Carlos, Amaya Waldimar, Pruneri Valerio, Mitchell Morgan W, Beyer Jörn, Gerrits Thomas, Lita Adriana E, Shalm Lynden K, Nam Sae Woo, Scheidl Thomas, Ursin Rupert, Wittmann Bernhard, Zeilinger Anton
Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Boltzmanngasse 3, Vienna 1090, Austria.
Quantum Optics, Quantum Nanophysics and Quantum Information, Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, Vienna 1090, Austria.
Phys Rev Lett. 2015 Dec 18;115(25):250401. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.250401. Epub 2015 Dec 16.
Local realism is the worldview in which physical properties of objects exist independently of measurement and where physical influences cannot travel faster than the speed of light. Bell's theorem states that this worldview is incompatible with the predictions of quantum mechanics, as is expressed in Bell's inequalities. Previous experiments convincingly supported the quantum predictions. Yet, every experiment requires assumptions that provide loopholes for a local realist explanation. Here, we report a Bell test that closes the most significant of these loopholes simultaneously. Using a well-optimized source of entangled photons, rapid setting generation, and highly efficient superconducting detectors, we observe a violation of a Bell inequality with high statistical significance. The purely statistical probability of our results to occur under local realism does not exceed 3.74×10^{-31}, corresponding to an 11.5 standard deviation effect.
局域实在论是一种世界观，在这种世界观中，物体的物理属性独立于测量而存在，并且物理影响的传播速度不能超过光速。贝尔定理表明，这种世界观与量子力学的预测不相容，这在贝尔不等式中有所体现。先前的实验令人信服地支持了量子预测。然而，每个实验都需要一些假设，这些假设为局域实在论的解释提供了漏洞。在此，我们报告一项贝尔测试，该测试同时填补了其中最重要的漏洞。我们使用经过优化的纠缠光子源、快速设置生成和高效的超导探测器，观测到对贝尔不等式的违反，具有很高的统计显著性。在局域实在论下我们的结果出现的纯统计概率不超过3.74×10⁻³¹，相当于11.5个标准差的效应。
