Giofrè David, Stoppa Ernesto, Ferioli Paolo, Pezzuti Lina, Cornoldi Cesare
a Department of General Psychology , University of Padova , Padua , Italy.
b Ausl of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy.
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2016;38(4):478-86. doi: 10.1080/13803395.2015.1125454. Epub 2016 Jan 4.
This study examined performance in the forward and backward digit span task of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition (WISC-IV) in a large group of children with specific learning disorder (SLD) as compared with a group of typically developing children matched for age and sex. Our results further support the hypothesis that the intellectual difficulties of children with SLD involve working memory in the forward digit span task to a greater extent than in the backward digit span task. The correlation of the two spans with a General Ability Index (GAI) was similar in SLD, and smaller in magnitude than in typically developing children. Despite a GAI within normal range, children with SLD had difficulty with both digit span tasks, but more so for forward span. This pattern was similar for different SLD profiles with clinical diagnoses of dyslexia and mixed disorder, but the impairments were more severe in the latter. Age differences were also investigated, demonstrating larger span impairment in older children with SLD than in younger.
本研究对一大组患有特定学习障碍（SLD）的儿童在韦氏儿童智力量表第四版（WISC-IV）的顺背和倒背数字广度任务中的表现进行了考察，并与一组年龄和性别匹配的发育正常儿童进行了比较。我们的结果进一步支持了这样的假设，即患有特定学习障碍的儿童在智力方面的困难在顺背数字广度任务中比在倒背数字广度任务中更涉及工作记忆。在患有特定学习障碍的儿童中，这两种广度与一般能力指数（GAI）的相关性相似，且幅度小于发育正常的儿童。尽管一般能力指数在正常范围内，但患有特定学习障碍的儿童在两项数字广度任务中都有困难，但顺背广度的困难更大。这种模式在患有阅读障碍和混合性障碍临床诊断的不同特定学习障碍类型中相似，但在后者中损害更为严重。还对年龄差异进行了调查，结果表明，患有特定学习障碍的大龄儿童比小龄儿童的广度损害更大。
