Cai Dan, Stone Teresa E, Petrini Marcia A, McMillan Margaret
HOPE School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan.
Nurs Health Sci. 2016 Mar;18(1):97-104. doi: 10.1111/nhs.12251. Epub 2016 Jan 4.
Q-methodology was used to investigate the health beliefs of Chinese clinical nurses and nurse academics. Twenty-eight participants from one hospital and nursing school in China were involved. The four stages of this study included: (i) concourse development from literature review, Internet searches, and key informant interviews; (ii) A pilot study to develop the Q-sample from the concourse; (iii) participants sorted the Q-sample statements along a continuum of preference (Q-sorting); and (iv) PQ data analysis using principal component analysis and varimax rotation. Five viewpoints were revealed: (i) factor 1--health management and the importance of evidence; (ii) factor 2--challenging local cultural belief, and Eastern and Western influences; (iii) factor 3--commonsense; (iv) factor 4--health and clinical practice; and (v) factor 5--health and nursing education. This study presents a need for nurses and nurse academics to think critically, examine their long-held health beliefs, and promote the use of evidence-based practice.
采用Q方法对中国临床护士和护理学者的健康观念进行调查。来自中国一家医院和护理学院的28名参与者参与了研究。本研究的四个阶段包括：（i）通过文献综述、互联网搜索和关键信息人访谈进行集论域开发；（ii）开展一项试点研究，从集论域中开发Q样本；（iii）参与者按照偏好连续统对Q样本陈述进行排序（Q分类）；以及（iv）使用主成分分析和方差最大化旋转进行PQ数据分析。揭示了五个观点：（i）因素1——健康管理和证据的重要性；（ii）因素2——挑战本土文化观念以及东西方影响；（iii）因素3——常识；（iv）因素4——健康与临床实践；以及（v）因素5——健康与护理教育。本研究表明护士和护理学者需要进行批判性思考，审视他们长期持有的健康观念，并促进循证实践的应用。
