Department of Nursing Science, Baekseok University, Cheonan, Korea.
College of Nursing, Woosuk University, Wanju, Korea.
PLoS One. 2019 Feb 14;14(2):e0212265. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212265. eCollection 2019.
International marriages between Vietnamese women and Korean men have increased rapidly in Korea. Successful adaptation of these women is challenging, and concerns on the issue have been raised. Most existing studies have surveyed Vietnamese immigrant women in urban Korea; less is known about women residing in rural areas of Korea. Uncovering the experiences and perspectives of these women can inform the design of community support resources. The purpose of this study was to identify a typology to effectively describe the subjective perspectives of Vietnamese women residing in rural Korea on adaptation to Korean culture and society.
A Q-methodological study was conducted with five steps: construction of the concourse, Q sample, selection of participants, Q-sorting, and data analysis. Twenty-six Vietnamese women married to Korean men who attended local public health centers were surveyed and asked to rank-order 39 Q-statements using a 9-point scale. Principal component factor analysis using a pc-QUANL program was performed to identify adaptation sub-types. Four types of adaptation were identified and labeled: positive adaptation (35.54%), passive adaptation with reservations (8.33%), adaptation with frustration (6.20%), and adaptation and involvement (5.33%). These four types explained 55.40% of the total variance in the women's experience of adaptation to Korean culture and society.
This study provides data that may be helpful in understanding the challenges immigrant women in rural areas of Korea face, and in planning family-sensitive adaptation support programs for these women and their families.
国际婚姻在韩国迅速增加，越南女性与韩国男性之间的跨国婚姻数量增长迅速。这些女性成功适应韩国的生活颇具挑战，该问题也引发了广泛关注。现有的大多数研究都调查了在韩国城市居住的越南移民女性；而对于居住在韩国农村地区的女性，人们知之甚少。了解这些女性的经历和观点可以为社区支持资源的设计提供信息。本研究旨在确定一种类型学，以有效地描述居住在韩国农村地区的越南女性对韩国文化和社会适应的主观观点。
采用 Q 方法论进行了五项研究：构建话语，Q 样本，参与者选择，Q 分类和数据分析。对 26 名与韩国男性结婚并参加当地公共卫生中心的越南妇女进行了调查，并要求她们使用 9 分制对 39 个 Q 语句进行排序。使用 pc-QUANL 程序进行主成分因子分析，以确定适应亚型。确定了四种适应类型，并进行了标记：积极适应（35.54%），有保留的被动适应（8.33%），适应与挫折（6.20%）和适应与参与（5.33%）。这四种类型解释了女性适应韩国文化和社会经历的总方差的 55.40%。
本研究提供的数据可能有助于理解韩国农村地区移民女性所面临的挑战，并为这些女性及其家庭制定以家庭为敏感的适应支持计划提供参考。
