Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117574, Singapore.
Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China and Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 3 Research Link, 117602, Singapore.
Chem Soc Rev. 2016 Mar 7;45(5):1225-41. doi: 10.1039/c5cs00777a.
Tissue regeneration, energy conversion & storage, and water treatment are some of the most critical challenges facing humanity in the 21st century. In order to address such challenges, one-dimensional (1D) materials are projected to play a key role in developing emerging solutions for the increasingly complex problems. Eletrospinning technology has been demonstrated to be a simple, versatile, and cost-effective method in fabricating a rich variety of materials with 1D nanostructures. These include polymers, composites, and inorganic materials with unique chemical and physical properties. In this tutorial review, we first give a brief introduction to electrospun materials with a special emphasis on the design, fabrication, and modification of 1D functional materials. Adopting the perspective of chemists and materials scientists, we then focus on the recent significant progress made in the domains of tissue regeneration (e.g., skin, nerve, heart and bone) and conversion & storage of clean energy (e.g., solar cells, fuel cells, batteries, and supercapacitors), where nanofibres have been used as active nanomaterials. Furthermore, this review's scope also includes the advances in the use of electrospun materials for the removal of heavy metal ions, organic pollutants, gas and bacteria in water treatment applications. Finally a conclusion and perspective is provided, in which we discuss the remaining challenges for 1D electrospun nanomaterials in tissue regeneration, energy conversion & storage, and water treatment.
组织再生、能量转换与存储以及水处理是 21 世纪人类面临的一些最关键的挑战。为了应对这些挑战，一维（1D）材料被认为在开发新兴解决方案方面发挥着关键作用，这些解决方案针对日益复杂的问题。静电纺丝技术已被证明是一种简单、多功能且具有成本效益的方法，可以制造具有 1D 纳米结构的各种材料，包括具有独特化学和物理性质的聚合物、复合材料和无机材料。在本综述中，我们首先简要介绍了静电纺丝材料，特别强调了 1D 功能材料的设计、制造和改性。我们从化学家和材料科学家的角度出发，然后重点介绍了在组织再生（例如皮肤、神经、心脏和骨骼）和清洁能源转换与存储（例如太阳能电池、燃料电池、电池和超级电容器）领域的最新重要进展，其中纳米纤维被用作活性纳米材料。此外，本综述的范围还包括在水处理应用中使用静电纺丝材料去除重金属离子、有机污染物、气体和细菌方面的进展。最后提供了结论和展望，我们讨论了 1D 静电纺纳米材料在组织再生、能量转换与存储以及水处理方面仍然存在的挑战。
