Badell I Raul, Ford Mandy L
Emory Transplant Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Curr Opin Organ Transplant. 2016 Feb;21(1):1-6. doi: 10.1097/MOT.0000000000000260.
T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are an increasingly relevant CD4 T cell subset responsible for the provision of help to B cells for the generation of an effective humoral immune response. Here we review recent studies that have provided critical insights into the mechanisms of Tfh cell differentiation and function, and introduce newly identified roles for Tfh cells in human disease.
Novel molecular regulators of the Tfh cell differentiation program along with new found roles for the costimulatory and coinhibitory inducible T cell costimulator (ICOS), programmed death 1, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 pathways on Tfh cell function have been appreciated. Although circulating Tfh and Tfh-like subset signatures have been linked to numerous immune conditions, extrapolation of these findings to organ transplantation is just beginning.
The combination of recent progress with regard to Tfh cell biology at the basic science and clinical levels is guiding the elucidation of the role of Tfh cells in the alloimmune response. Application of this knowledge toward the development of novel therapeutic strategies for use in transplantation is imminent.
滤泡辅助性T（Tfh）细胞是一类越来越重要的CD4 T细胞亚群，负责为B细胞提供帮助以产生有效的体液免疫反应。在此，我们综述了近期的研究，这些研究为Tfh细胞分化和功能的机制提供了关键见解，并介绍了Tfh细胞在人类疾病中的新发现作用。
人们已经认识到Tfh细胞分化程序的新型分子调节因子，以及共刺激和共抑制诱导性T细胞共刺激分子（ICOS）、程序性死亡1和细胞毒性T淋巴细胞抗原4通路对Tfh细胞功能的新作用。尽管循环Tfh和Tfh样亚群特征已与多种免疫状况相关联，但将这些发现外推至器官移植领域才刚刚开始。
基础科学和临床层面关于Tfh细胞生物学的最新进展相结合，正在指导阐明Tfh细胞在同种异体免疫反应中的作用。将这些知识应用于开发用于移植的新型治疗策略迫在眉睫。
