Elabd Hiam, Wang Han-Ping, Shaheen Adel, Yao Hong, Abbass Amany
Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, The Ohio State University South Centers, Piketon, OH, 45661, USA.
Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Egypt.
Fish Physiol Biochem. 2016 Jun;42(3):955-66. doi: 10.1007/s10695-015-0188-9. Epub 2016 Jan 4.
This study was designed to assess the potential effects of Astragalus membranaceus (AM) on the growth performance and antioxidative stress response in bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) exposed to challenging cold water temperature conditions. In this regard, fish with an average weight of 43 ± 1 g were divided into four groups and fed daily with an AM-free diet (control), and 1.5, 3, and 4.5 % (w/w) AM-incorporated diets for an 8-week period. Oxidative stress response, biochemical, and growth parameters were measured, and subgroups of fish were exposed to the outside challenging cold pond water temperature (1.6-9.9 °C) with an average of 7.0 ± 0.1 °C beyond the optimal temperature. The results showed that incorporating AM in the diet significantly improved growth performance parameters (body mass gain, specific growth rate, length, condition factor, and feed conversion ratio) and biochemicals (aspartate aminotransferase and alanine transaminase activities, and glucose and cortisol concentrations). In addition, markedly up-regulated superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase activities were observed in AM-treated fish groups over the control. Conclusively, feeding AM diets significantly increased (P < 0.05) growth performance and antioxidative stress profiles throughout the entire experiment, and this increase was much more pronounced at 8 weeks after the water temperature began to rise, which can be related to the nature of Bluegill fish as it is known to be a warm water fish. These findings are considered to be of great importance for sustainable aquaculture.
本研究旨在评估黄芪对暴露于具有挑战性的冷水温度条件下的蓝鳃太阳鱼生长性能和抗氧化应激反应的潜在影响。在这方面，将平均体重为43±1克的鱼分为四组，在8周的时间里每天分别投喂不含黄芪的饲料（对照组）以及添加了1.5%、3%和4.5%（w/w）黄芪的饲料。测定了氧化应激反应、生化指标和生长参数，并且将鱼的亚组暴露于室外具有挑战性的冷水池塘水温（1.6 - 9.9°C）中，平均水温为7.0±0.1°C，超出了最佳温度。结果表明，在饲料中添加黄芪显著改善了生长性能参数（体重增加、特定生长率、体长、肥满度和饲料转化率）以及生化指标（天冬氨酸转氨酶和丙氨酸转氨酶活性、葡萄糖和皮质醇浓度）。此外，与对照组相比，在添加黄芪处理的鱼组中观察到超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶的活性显著上调。总之，在整个实验过程中，投喂添加黄芪的饲料显著提高了（P < 0.05）生长性能和抗氧化应激水平，并且在水温开始上升8周后这种提高更为明显，这可能与蓝鳃太阳鱼作为温水鱼的特性有关。这些发现被认为对可持续水产养殖具有重要意义。
