Jääskeläinen Iiro P, Halme Hanna-Leena, Agam Yigal, Glerean Enrico, Lahnakoski Juha M, Sams Mikko, Tapani Karoliina, Ahveninen Jyrki, Manoach Dara S
Brain and Mind Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, FIN-00076, Espoo, Finland.
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Sci Rep. 2016 Jan 5;6:18714. doi: 10.1038/srep18714.
The ability to evaluate others' errors makes it possible to learn from their mistakes without the need for first-hand trial-and-error experiences. Here, we compared functional magnetic resonance imaging activation to self-committed errors during a computer game to a variety of errors committed by others during movie clips (e.g., figure skaters falling down and persons behaving inappropriately). While viewing errors by others there was activation in lateral and medial temporal lobe structures, posterior cingulate cortex, precuneus, and medial prefrontal cortex possibly reflecting simulation and storing for future use alternative action sequences that could have led to successful behaviors. During both self- and other-committed errors activation was seen in the striatum, temporoparietal junction, and inferior frontal gyrus. These areas may be components of a generic error processing mechanism. The ecological validity of the stimuli seemed to matter, since we largely failed to see activations when subjects observed errors by another player in the computer game, as opposed to observing errors in the rich real-life like human behaviors depicted in the movie clips.
评估他人错误的能力使人们无需亲身经历试错过程就能从他人的错误中学习。在此，我们将在电脑游戏中对自身所犯错误的功能性磁共振成像激活情况与观看电影片段期间他人所犯的各种错误（例如，花样滑冰运动员摔倒和行为不当的人）进行了比较。观看他人犯错时，颞叶外侧和内侧结构、后扣带回皮质、楔前叶和内侧前额叶皮质出现激活，这可能反映了对可能导致成功行为的替代动作序列进行模拟和存储以供未来使用。在自身犯错和他人犯错期间，纹状体、颞顶联合区和额下回均出现激活。这些区域可能是通用错误处理机制的组成部分。刺激的生态效度似乎很重要，因为与观看电影片段中描绘的丰富现实生活中的人类行为错误相比，当受试者观察电脑游戏中另一名玩家的错误时，我们基本上未能看到激活情况。
