De Craemer Marieke, De Decker Ellen, Verloigne Maïté, De Bourdeaudhuij Ilse, Manios Yannis, Cardon Greet
Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.
Research Foundation Flanders, Brussels, Belgium.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2016 Jan 5;13:1. doi: 10.1186/s12966-015-0325-y.
In preschoolers, high levels of sedentary behaviour are associated with several adverse health outcomes. The purpose of this study is to report the effects of the ToyBox-intervention (a European 24-week cluster randomised controlled trial) on sedentary behaviour in preschoolers.
In Belgium, 859 preschoolers from 27 kindergartens (15 intervention and 12 control) wore an accelerometer to objectively measure their sedentary time and 1715 parents/caregivers completed a questionnaire to assess sedentary activities in which preschoolers participate at home. Main outcomes were objectively measured sedentary time, time spent watching TV, using the computer and time spent in quiet play. Multilevel repeated measures analyses were conducted to take clustering into account. Intention to treat analysis was used to handle missing data.
A sample of 859 (29.5% of all contacted children) preschoolers (4.4 ± 0.6 years, 54.4% boys) provided valid accelerometer data at either baseline or follow-up and parents of 1715 (58.9% of all contacted children) preschoolers (4.4 ± 0.5 years, 52.5% boys) completed a questionnaire at either baseline or follow-up. No intervention effects were found on objectively and subjectively measured total sedentary time in the total sample. However, some effects on objectively and subjectively measured sedentary time were found in specific subgroups. Preschoolers from the intervention group from high SES kindergartens and preschoolers with high levels of sedentary time at baseline decreased their sedentary time, while preschoolers from the control group increased their sedentary time. Girls in the intervention group decreased their TV viewing time during weekend days (-5.83 min/day), while girls' &TV viewing in the control group increased (+4.15 min/day). In low SES kindergartens, a smaller increase for computer time during weekend days was found in preschoolers in intervention kindergartens (+6.06 min/day) than in control kindergartens (+12.49 min/day).
While some small positive effects were found in some sub-groups, the ToyBox-intervention had no effect on objectively and subjectively measured sedentary time in the total sample. A longer period to implement the intervention and a more active involvement of parents/caregivers might enhance intervention effects. The ToyBox-study is registered with the clinical trials registry clinicaltrials.gov, ID: NCT02116296.
在学龄前儿童中，久坐行为水平较高与多种不良健康后果相关。本研究旨在报告ToyBox干预措施（一项为期24周的欧洲整群随机对照试验）对学龄前儿童久坐行为的影响。
在比利时，来自27所幼儿园的859名学龄前儿童（15所干预幼儿园和12所对照幼儿园）佩戴加速度计以客观测量他们的久坐时间，1715名家长/照顾者完成了一份问卷，以评估学龄前儿童在家中参与的久坐活动。主要结局指标为客观测量的久坐时间、看电视时间、使用电脑时间以及安静玩耍时间。采用多水平重复测量分析来考虑聚类因素。采用意向性分析来处理缺失数据。
859名学龄前儿童（占所有联系儿童的29.5%）（4.4±0.6岁，54.4%为男孩）在基线或随访时提供了有效的加速度计数据，1715名学龄前儿童（占所有联系儿童的58.9%）（4.4±0.5岁，52.5%为男孩）的家长在基线或随访时完成了问卷。在总样本中，未发现干预措施对客观和主观测量的总久坐时间有影响。然而，在特定亚组中发现了对客观和主观测量的久坐时间的一些影响。来自高社会经济地位幼儿园的干预组学龄前儿童和基线时久坐时间较长的学龄前儿童减少了久坐时间，而对照组学龄前儿童的久坐时间增加。干预组女孩在周末的看电视时间减少（-5.83分钟/天），而对照组女孩的看电视时间增加（+4.15分钟/天）。在低社会经济地位幼儿园，干预幼儿园的学龄前儿童在周末的电脑使用时间增加幅度较小（+6.06分钟/天），低于对照幼儿园（+12.49分钟/天）。
虽然在一些亚组中发现了一些小的积极影响，但ToyBox干预措施对总样本中客观和主观测量的久坐时间没有影响。延长干预实施时间以及家长/照顾者更积极地参与可能会增强干预效果。ToyBox研究已在临床试验注册库clinicaltrials.gov注册，注册号：NCT02116296。
