Palumbo John C, Perring Thomas M, Millar Jocelyn G, Reed Darcy A
Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Yuma, Arizona 85364; email:
Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521; email:
Annu Rev Entomol. 2016;61:453-73. doi: 10.1146/annurev-ento-010715-023843. Epub 2015 Dec 21.
The painted bug, Bagrada hilaris, native to eastern and southern Africa and Asia, was detected in California in 2008, and it has spread rapidly throughout several southwestern US states. A polyphagous insect, it is particularly damaging to the billion dollar cole crop industry. B. hilaris frequently causes damage when it migrates to newly planted crops from weedy hosts. Feeding produces circular or star-shaped chlorotic lesions that become necrotic, and infested plants may be distorted. Currently, no reliable sampling methods for B. hilaris exist, nor are there effective natural enemies in the United States. Therefore, management has relied on multiple applications of insecticides and cultural practices such as removal of weedy hosts, destruction of crop residues, timing of planting, and use of transplants. Several pyrethroid and neonicotinoid insecticides are most effective for controlling the insect. Reliable sampling methods and further development of integrated pest management strategies to manage this invasive pest are urgently needed as its range continues to expand.
斑背椿象（Bagrada hilaris）原产于非洲东部和南部以及亚洲，2008年在加利福尼亚被发现，随后迅速蔓延至美国西南部的几个州。这种多食性昆虫对价值数十亿美元的油菜作物产业造成了特别严重的破坏。斑背椿象从杂草寄主迁移到新种植的作物上时，经常会造成损害。其取食会产生圆形或星形的褪绿斑，这些斑会坏死，受侵染的植株可能会变形。目前，没有可靠的斑背椿象采样方法，美国也没有有效的天敌。因此，防治措施依赖于多次施用杀虫剂以及诸如清除杂草寄主、销毁作物残茬、调整种植时间和使用移栽苗等栽培措施。几种拟除虫菊酯类和新烟碱类杀虫剂对控制这种昆虫最为有效。随着其分布范围不断扩大，迫切需要可靠的采样方法以及进一步制定综合害虫管理策略来应对这种入侵害虫。
