Chen Yan, Wong Gary W K, Li Jing
State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.
Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2016 Mar;8(2):92-100. doi: 10.4168/aair.2016.8.2.92. Epub 2015 Aug 21.
Asthma is the most common chronic pulmonary disease worldwide and places a considerable economic burden on society. China is the world's largest developing country and has the largest population. China has undergone dramatic changes in the past few decades. The traditional lifestyle and living environment have changed in ways that directly affect the prevalence of asthma. The prevalence of asthma is lower in Chinese children and adults than in developed countries, but the prevalence has been on the rise during the past 30 years. The prevalence significantly varies among different parts of China. Polymorphisms of multiple genes, outdoor air pollution caused by PM2.5, PM10, SO₂, NO₂, environmental tobacco smoke, and coal, indoor pollution, and inhaled allergens, such as house dust mites, pollen, and cockroach particles, are risk factors for asthma.
哮喘是全球最常见的慢性肺部疾病，给社会带来了相当大的经济负担。中国是世界上最大的发展中国家，人口众多。在过去几十年里，中国发生了巨大的变化。传统的生活方式和生活环境发生了改变，这些改变直接影响了哮喘的患病率。中国儿童和成人的哮喘患病率低于发达国家，但在过去30年里呈上升趋势。中国不同地区的患病率差异显著。多个基因的多态性、由PM2.5、PM10、SO₂、NO₂引起的室外空气污染、环境烟草烟雾和煤炭、室内污染以及吸入性过敏原，如屋尘螨、花粉和蟑螂颗粒，都是哮喘的危险因素。
