Villatte Jennifer L, O'Connor Stephen S, Leitner Rebecca, Kerbrat Amanda H, Johnson Lora L, Gutierrez Peter M
University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, Kentucky.
Mil Behav Health. 2015;3(4):316-327. doi: 10.1080/21635781.2015.1093981. Epub 2015 Sep 18.
Past suicidal behaviors are among the strongest and most consistent predictors of eventual suicide and may be particularly salient in military suicide. The current study compared characteristics of suicide attempts in veterans ( = 746) and active-duty service members ( = 1,013) receiving treatment for acute suicide risk. Baseline data from six randomized controlled trials were pooled and analyzed using robust regression. Service members had greater odds of having attempted suicide relative to veterans, though there were no differences in number of attempts made. Service members also had higher rates of premilitary suicide attempts and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). Veterans disproportionately attempted suicide by means of overdose. In veterans, combat deployment was associated with lower odds of lifetime suicide attempt, while history of NSSI was associated with greater attempt odds. Neither was significantly associated with lifetime suicide attempt in service members. Implications for suicide assessment and treatment are discussed.
既往自杀行为是最终自杀最强且最一致的预测因素之一，在军事自杀中可能尤为突出。本研究比较了接受急性自杀风险治疗的退伍军人（n = 746）和现役军人（n = 1,013）自杀未遂的特征。汇总了六项随机对照试验的基线数据，并使用稳健回归进行分析。相对于退伍军人，现役军人有更高的自杀未遂几率，不过自杀未遂次数并无差异。现役军人的入伍前自杀未遂和非自杀性自伤（NSSI）发生率也更高。退伍军人过量服药自杀未遂的比例过高。在退伍军人中，参战部署与终身自杀未遂几率较低相关，而NSSI史与更高的自杀未遂几率相关。这两者在现役军人中与终身自杀未遂均无显著关联。文中讨论了对自杀评估和治疗的启示。
