Colangelo-Lillis Jesse, Wing Boswell A, Whyte Lyle G
Earth and Planetary Science, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0E8, Canada.
McGill Space Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2A7, Canada.
Environ Microbiol Rep. 2016 Apr;8(2):250-60. doi: 10.1111/1758-2229.12375. Epub 2016 Feb 23.
Viruses are ubiquitous drivers of microbial ecology and evolution and contribute to biogeochemical cycling. Attention to these attributes has been more substantial for marine viruses than viruses of other environments. Microscopy-based investigation of the viral communities from two cold, hypersaline Arctic springs was undertaken to explore the effects of these conditions on microbe-viral ecology. Sediments and water samples were collected along transects from each spring, from anoxic spring outlets through oxygenated downstream channels. Viral abundance, virus-microbe ratios and modelled virus-microbe contact rates were lower than comparable aqueous and sedimentary environments and most similar to deep subsurface sediments. No individual cell from either spring was visibly infected. Viruses in these springs appear to play a smaller role in controlling microbial populations through lytic activity than in marine water column or surface sedimentary environments. Relief from viral predation indicates the microbial communities are primarily controlled by nutrient limitation. The similarity of these springs to deep subsurface sediments suggests a biogeographic divide in viral replication strategy in marine sediments.
病毒是微生物生态和进化中无处不在的驱动因素，并有助于生物地球化学循环。相较于其他环境中的病毒，海洋病毒的这些特性受到了更多关注。我们对来自两个寒冷、高盐的北极泉的病毒群落进行了基于显微镜的调查，以探究这些条件对微生物-病毒生态的影响。沿着每个泉的样带收集沉积物和水样，从缺氧的泉口到含氧的下游通道。病毒丰度、病毒与微生物的比率以及模拟的病毒与微生物接触率均低于类似的水体和沉积环境，且与深部地下沉积物最为相似。两个泉中的细胞均未观察到明显的感染迹象。与海洋水柱或表层沉积环境相比，这些泉中的病毒似乎通过裂解活性在控制微生物种群方面发挥的作用较小。免受病毒捕食表明微生物群落主要受营养限制的控制。这些泉与深部地下沉积物的相似性表明海洋沉积物中病毒复制策略存在生物地理划分。
