Cheng T O
George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, D.C. 20037.
J Cardiol Suppl. 1989;21:3-20.
Since its original description by Barlow over a quarter of a century ago, mitral valve prolapse has become one of the commonest heart diseases around the world. It is commoner in women than men, in thinner than heavier subjects, and in younger than older persons. A unifying concept of a valvular-ventricular disproportion serves to explain the various conditions in which mitral valve prolapse occurs. The etiology of chest pain which is the most frequent symptom that brings the patient with mitral valve prolapse to a physician is multifactorial. Diagnosis of mitral valve prolapse is based on clinical grounds chiefly by careful auscultation. Echocardiography, angiocardiography, and radionuclide ventriculography are valuable adjuncts. Prognosis in the majority is excellent except when complications occur, such as progressive mitral regurgitation, infective endocarditis, cerebral ischemic episodes, and sudden death. For mitral valve surgery repair is preferred to replacement.
自25年多前巴洛首次描述二尖瓣脱垂以来，它已成为全球最常见的心脏病之一。女性比男性更常见，体型瘦者比体型胖者更常见，年轻人比老年人更常见。瓣膜 - 心室比例失调这一统一概念有助于解释二尖瓣脱垂发生的各种情况。胸痛是二尖瓣脱垂患者就医最常见的症状，其病因是多因素的。二尖瓣脱垂的诊断主要基于临床，主要通过仔细听诊。超声心动图、心血管造影和放射性核素心室造影是有价值的辅助检查。除了出现并发症，如进行性二尖瓣反流、感染性心内膜炎、脑缺血发作和猝死外，大多数患者的预后良好。对于二尖瓣手术，首选修复而非置换。
