Maixner Frank, Krause-Kyora Ben, Turaev Dmitrij, Herbig Alexander, Hoopmann Michael R, Hallows Janice L, Kusebauch Ulrike, Vigl Eduard Egarter, Malfertheiner Peter, Megraud Francis, O'Sullivan Niall, Cipollini Giovanna, Coia Valentina, Samadelli Marco, Engstrand Lars, Linz Bodo, Moritz Robert L, Grimm Rudolf, Krause Johannes, Nebel Almut, Moodley Yoshan, Rattei Thomas, Zink Albert
Institute for Mummies and the Iceman, EURAC research, Viale Druso 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy.
Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Schittenhelmstr. 12, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
Science. 2016 Jan 8;351(6269):162-165. doi: 10.1126/science.aad2545.
The stomach bacterium Helicobacter pylori is one of the most prevalent human pathogens. It has dispersed globally with its human host, resulting in a distinct phylogeographic pattern that can be used to reconstruct both recent and ancient human migrations. The extant European population of H. pylori is known to be a hybrid between Asian and African bacteria, but there exist different hypotheses about when and where the hybridization took place, reflecting the complex demographic history of Europeans. Here, we present a 5300-year-old H. pylori genome from a European Copper Age glacier mummy. The "Iceman" H. pylori is a nearly pure representative of the bacterial population of Asian origin that existed in Europe before hybridization, suggesting that the African population arrived in Europe within the past few thousand years.
胃部细菌幽门螺杆菌是最常见的人类病原体之一。它随着人类宿主在全球传播，形成了一种独特的系统地理模式，可用于重建近代和古代人类迁徙情况。已知现存欧洲的幽门螺杆菌群体是亚洲和非洲细菌的杂交种，但关于杂交发生的时间和地点存在不同假说，这反映了欧洲人复杂的人口历史。在此，我们展示了一个来自欧洲铜器时代冰川木乃伊的有5300年历史的幽门螺杆菌基因组。“冰人”的幽门螺杆菌几乎是杂交前存在于欧洲的亚洲起源细菌群体的纯代表，这表明非洲群体是在过去几千年内抵达欧洲的。
