Tóthová Valérie, Bártlová Sylva, Šedová Lenka, Olišarová Věra, Prokešová Radka, Adámkova Věra, Mauritzová Ilona, Trešlová Marie, Chloubová Ivana, Mikšová Zdeňka
University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Preventive Cardiology Department, Prague, Czech Republic.
Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2015;36 Suppl 2:5-10.
The aim of this research into 'self-management' was to determine to what extent respondents were aware of their status as overweight or obese. For respondents who indicated that they were overweight or obese, the goal was to determine whether they tried to lose weight, what steps they took to control their, and what specific methods they used.
Information was collected using semi-structured interviews from May 31, 2014, to January 30, 2015. Data processing was performed using statistical analysis of the social data SASDM 01/04/10 software. The total study group consisted of 600 respondents, including 302 from the Roma minority, and 298 from the non-Roma majority population (control group). Respondents were selected specifically from South Bohemia Region of the Czech Republic. The sample from the Roma minority was constructed using the snowball method (Snowball Sampling). The control sample of non-Roma was selected through quota sampling.
The results indicate that the respondents from both the Roma minority and the non-Roma control group generally recognized when they were overweight or obese, or they were aware of it to a much lesser extent than objective indicators revealed. More than two thirds of the respondents who admitted they were overweight or obese (N = 143) reported that they had suffered from overweight or obesity since they were young adults. Significantly more members of the majority population had tried to lose weight using self-management, whereas the level of effort was significantly less among members of the Roma minority (P = 0). Nevertheless, Roma respondents significantly more often reported (P < 0.01) that they had agreed on a specific weight loss plan with a doctor.
The results of our research show that in the context of prevention, it is important to promote self-managed skills, habits and other characteristics that can play an important role in the prevention and treatment of obesity and overweight.
这项关于“自我管理”的研究旨在确定受访者对自己超重或肥胖状况的知晓程度。对于表示自己超重或肥胖的受访者，目标是确定他们是否尝试过减肥、采取了哪些措施来控制体重，以及使用了哪些具体方法。
2014年5月31日至2015年1月30日期间，通过半结构化访谈收集信息。使用社会数据SASDM 01/04/10软件进行统计分析来处理数据。整个研究组由600名受访者组成，其中包括来自罗姆少数民族的302人，以及来自非罗姆多数人口（对照组）的298人。受访者专门从捷克共和国的南波希米亚地区选取。罗姆少数民族的样本采用滚雪球法（雪球抽样）构建。非罗姆对照组样本通过配额抽样选取。
结果表明，罗姆少数民族和非罗姆对照组的受访者总体上能意识到自己超重或肥胖，或者他们的知晓程度远低于客观指标所显示的程度。超过三分之二承认自己超重或肥胖的受访者（N = 143）报告称，他们从年轻时就开始超重或肥胖。多数人口中明显更多的成员尝试通过自我管理来减肥，而罗姆少数民族成员的努力程度明显较低（P = 0）。然而，罗姆受访者更常报告（P < 0.01）他们与医生商定了具体的减肥计划。
我们的研究结果表明，在预防方面，促进自我管理技能、习惯和其他特征非常重要，这些在肥胖和超重的预防和治疗中可以发挥重要作用。
