Prudent Natasha, Houghton Adele, Luber George
Health Scientist, Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, United States.
Independent Consultant, Houston, United States.
Disasters. 2016 Oct;40(4):740-52. doi: 10.1111/disa.12177. Epub 2016 Jan 8.
We created a measure to help comprehend population vulnerability to potential flooding and excessive heat events using health, built environment and social factors. Through principal component analysis (PCA), we created non-weighted sum index scores of literature-reviewed social and built environment characteristics. We created baseline poor health measures using 1999-2005 age-adjusted cardiovascular and combined diabetes and hypertension mortality rates to correspond with social-built environment indices. We mapped US Census block groups by linked age-adjusted mortality and a PCA-created social-built environment index. The goal was to measure flooding and excessive heat event vulnerability as proxies for population vulnerability to climate change for Travis County, Texas. This assessment identified communities where baseline poor health, social marginalisation and built environmental impediments intersected. Such assessments may assist targeted interventions and improve emergency preparedness in identified vulnerable communities, while fostering resilience through the focus of climate change adaptation policies at the local level.
我们利用健康、建筑环境和社会因素创建了一项指标，以帮助理解人群对潜在洪水和极端高温事件的脆弱性。通过主成分分析（PCA），我们创建了经文献综述的社会和建筑环境特征的非加权总和指数得分。我们使用1999 - 2005年年龄调整后的心血管疾病死亡率以及糖尿病和高血压合并死亡率来创建基线健康状况不佳衡量指标，以与社会 - 建筑环境指数相对应。我们通过关联年龄调整后的死亡率和PCA创建的社会 - 建筑环境指数对美国人口普查街区组进行了映射。目标是衡量洪水和极端高温事件的脆弱性，作为德克萨斯州特拉维斯县人群对气候变化脆弱性的代理指标。该评估确定了基线健康状况不佳、社会边缘化和建筑环境障碍相互交织的社区。此类评估可能有助于在已确定的脆弱社区进行有针对性的干预并改善应急准备，同时通过关注地方层面的气候变化适应政策来增强复原力。
