Zhang Wenjun, Wang Ming L, Khalili Sammy, Cranford Steven W
1 Laboratory for Nanotechnology In Civil Engineering (NICE), Northeastern University , Boston, Massachusetts.
2 Interdisciplinary Engineering Program, College of Engineering, Northeastern University , Boston, Massachusetts.
OMICS. 2016 Jan;20(1):12-29. doi: 10.1089/omi.2015.0144.
We live in exciting times for a new generation of biomarkers being enabled by advances in the design and use of biomaterials for medical and clinical applications, from nano- to macro-materials, and protein to tissue. Key challenges arise, however, due to both scientific complexity and compatibility of the interface of biology and engineered materials. The linking of mechanisms across scales by using a materials science approach to provide structure-process-property relations characterizes the emerging field of 'materiomics,' which offers enormous promise to provide the hitherto missing tools for biomaterial development for clinical diagnostics and the next generation biomarker applications towards personal health monitoring. Put in other words, the emerging field of materiomics represents an essentially systematic approach to the investigation of biological material systems, integrating natural functions and processes with traditional materials science perspectives. Here we outline how materiomics provides a game-changing technology platform for disruptive innovation in biomaterial science to enable the design of tailored and functional biomaterials--particularly, the design and screening of DNA aptamers for targeting biomarkers related to oral diseases and oral health monitoring. Rigorous and complementary computational modeling and experimental techniques will provide an efficient means to develop new clinical technologies in silico, greatly accelerating the translation of materiomics-driven oral health diagnostics from concept to practice in the clinic.
对于新一代生物标志物而言，我们正生活在一个令人兴奋的时代，这得益于生物材料在医学和临床应用设计与使用方面的进步，涵盖从纳米材料到宏观材料，从蛋白质到组织等各个领域。然而，由于科学复杂性以及生物学与工程材料界面的兼容性，关键挑战也随之出现。通过运用材料科学方法来提供结构 - 过程 - 属性关系，从而跨尺度关联各种机制，这正是新兴的“材料组学”领域的特点，该领域有望提供迄今缺失的工具，用于临床诊断的生物材料开发以及面向个人健康监测的下一代生物标志物应用。换句话说，材料组学这一新兴领域代表了一种本质上系统的方法，用于研究生物材料系统，将自然功能和过程与传统材料科学观点相结合。在此，我们概述了材料组学如何为生物材料科学中的颠覆性创新提供一个改变游戏规则的技术平台，以实现定制化和功能性生物材料的设计——特别是用于靶向与口腔疾病及口腔健康监测相关生物标志物的DNA适配体的设计与筛选。严谨且互补的计算建模和实验技术将提供一种在计算机上开发新临床技术的有效手段，极大地加速从概念到临床实践的材料组学驱动的口腔健康诊断的转化。
