Henriksen Nicholas
Romance Languages and Literatures, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich., USA.
Phonetica. 2016;73(1):1-32. doi: 10.1159/000441729. Epub 2016 Jan 14.
In this paper we aim to resolve the phonological status of utterance-initial rises in Spanish wh-questions. METHODS/ANALYSIS 1: In analysis 1 we examine the scaling and alignment properties of utterance-initial rises produced by 14 speakers of Peninsular Spanish. RESULTS/ANALYSIS 1: The results provide evidence for a single bitonal pitch accent at the left periphery (L + <H*) despite multiple options at the right periphery. CONCLUSION/ANALYSIS 1: Our analysis, relying on the notion of sparse tonal specification, helps to explain Sp_ToBI transcribers' past inconsistencies in labeling wh-question initial rises. METHODS/ANALYSIS 2: In analysis 2 we tested whether there are scaling differences between the wh-question contours produced in analysis 1 and statement contours produced by the same 14 speakers. RESULTS/ANALYSIS 2: We showed that speakers scale utterance-initial peaks higher in statements, and that they scale utterancefinal peaks higher in wh-questions. CONCLUSION/ANALYSIS 2: This finding is incompatible with the notion that speakers of Spanish use a higher F0 level from the start of the utterance to distinguish questions from statements.
在本文中，我们旨在解决西班牙语特殊疑问句中句首语调上升的音系地位问题。方法/分析1：在分析1中，我们考察了14位西班牙半岛西班牙语使用者所发出的句首语调上升的音高缩放和音高对齐特征。结果/分析1：结果表明，尽管句末存在多种选项，但句首左侧边缘存在一个单音节高音调重音（L + <H*）。结论/分析1：我们基于稀疏音调指定概念的分析，有助于解释西班牙语调标注法（Sp_ToBI）转录者过去在标注特殊疑问句句首语调上升时的不一致之处。方法/分析2：在分析2中，我们测试了分析1中特殊疑问句的语调轮廓与同一14位使用者所发出的陈述句语调轮廓之间是否存在音高缩放差异。结果/分析2：我们发现，使用者在陈述句中会将句首峰值的音高缩放得更高，而在特殊疑问句中会将句末峰值的音高缩放得更高。结论/分析2：这一发现与西班牙语使用者从句子开头就使用更高的基频水平来区分疑问句和陈述句的观点不一致。
