Wang Zhen-yu, Zhang Yao-guang, Jiang Li, Li Mei, Zhu Min
Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi. 2015 Aug;27(4):362-6.
To diagnose a case of quartan malaria with unknown origin by laboratory detection.
The clinical data of the case were collected and the epidemiological survey was conducted. The blood samples of the patient and the blood donor were detected by microscopy, rapid diagnostic test (RDT) and nested PCR, and the positive results were sequenced.
The patient did not visit malaria endemic areas and have no history of malaria infection, but have history of massive blood transfusion in surgical operation. The patient was confirmed as quartan malaria by microscopy with peripheral blood smears. The patient was transfused from three donors whose peripheral blood was none of malaria infection by microscopy, RDT and nested PCR. But sequence analysis showed that the amplified band of one donor was 100% homology to the patient' s with the improved nest-multi PCR examination.
This patient is confirmed of Plasmodium malariae infection via blood transfusion. Laboratory analysis and diagnosis of undefined malaria cases require multiple methods, and the improved nest-multi PCR could effectively detect the low parasitized malaria infection.
通过实验室检测诊断1例来源不明的三日疟病例。
收集该病例的临床资料并进行流行病学调查。采用显微镜检查、快速诊断试验（RDT）和巢式PCR对患者及献血者的血样进行检测，对阳性结果进行测序。
患者未去过疟疾流行区，无疟疾感染史，但有外科手术大量输血史。通过外周血涂片显微镜检查确诊该患者为三日疟。该患者接受了3名献血者的输血，这3名献血者的外周血经显微镜检查、RDT和巢式PCR均未发现疟疾感染。但序列分析显示，经改进的巢式多重PCR检测，1名献血者的扩增条带与患者的扩增条带具有100%的同源性。
该患者确诊为输血感染疟原虫。对不明原因疟疾病例的实验室分析和诊断需要多种方法，改进的巢式多重PCR可有效检测低疟原虫血症感染。
