Department of Psychology, University College London, UK.
Asia Pac Psychiatry. 2012 Jun;4(2):113-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1758-5872.2012.00198.x.
A cross-cultural study was conducted on the identification of psychiatric problems comparing British, Hong Kong and Malaysian participants.
To investigate the ability to correctly identify different psychiatric problems and recommend strategies for treatment.
A total of 440 participants were shown vignettes of schizophrenia, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), social phobia, depression, bipolar disorder, stress, child attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), child depression and child "daily troubles". In each they were asked to say what they thought the person's problem was and how they could be helped as well as give their confidence ratings on both judgments.
The British were the most adept at correctly identifying the cases of mental disorders in the vignettes followed by the Hong Kong Chinese and Malaysians. Overall, the depression cases were the best identified and social phobia was the least identified. In terms of help recommendation, a higher percentage of British participants endorsed professional help as useful for the person in the vignette compared to Hong Kong and Malaysian participants.
The findings were discussed along with suggestions on how to improve mental health literacy. The ethnocentric nature of applying Western concepts in the East was acknowledged.
本跨文化研究通过比较英国、中国香港和马来西亚参与者，对精神科问题的识别进行了研究。
调查正确识别不同精神科问题的能力，并为治疗提供策略。
共 440 名参与者观看了精神分裂症、强迫症（OCD）、社交恐惧症、抑郁症、双相情感障碍、压力、儿童注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）、儿童抑郁症和儿童“日常烦恼”的病例。在每个病例中，他们被要求说出他们认为这个人的问题是什么，以及如何帮助他们，并对这两个判断给出他们的信心评级。
英国人最擅长正确识别病例中的精神障碍，其次是中国香港人和马来西亚人。总的来说，抑郁症病例的识别率最高，社交恐惧症的识别率最低。在帮助建议方面，与中国香港和马来西亚参与者相比，更多的英国参与者认为专业帮助对病例中的人有用。
本文讨论了这些发现，并就如何提高心理健康素养提出了建议。承认了在东方应用西方概念的种族中心主义性质。
