Stewart M J
School of Nursing, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia.
Nurs Res. 1989 Sep-Oct;38(5):268-75.
Twenty-one instruments developed by nurse researchers were reviewed according to dimensions identified in the general social support literature: type, source, direction, drawbacks, disposition, description or evaluation, duration, and level. The aspects of social support studied, as reflected in the measurement instruments designed by nurse researchers, appropriately emphasize available and enacted emotional and instrumental support from family (including spouse) and friends. However, informational and appraisal support, community sources of support, duration of support, mutual receipt and provision of support, costs associated with negative support, perceived and received support, and evaluation of satisfaction with support are infrequently assessed. Nurses need to evaluate which of these elements are merely desirable supplements and which, if any, are essential to validate the information elicited by instruments. Clearly, nurse investigators have operationalized important typologies in the social-psychological literature. However, the number of diverse measures could be considered superfluous.
根据一般社会支持文献中确定的维度，对护士研究人员开发的21种工具进行了审查：类型、来源、方向、缺点、处置、描述或评估、持续时间和水平。护士研究人员设计的测量工具所反映的社会支持研究方面，恰当地强调了来自家庭（包括配偶）和朋友的可用的和实际提供的情感和工具性支持。然而，信息和评估支持、社区支持来源、支持持续时间、支持的相互接受和提供、与负面支持相关的成本、感知和接受的支持以及对支持满意度的评估很少被评估。护士需要评估这些要素中哪些仅仅是理想的补充，哪些（如果有的话）对于验证工具所获取的信息至关重要。显然，护士研究人员已经将社会心理学文献中的重要类型进行了操作化。然而，多种测量方法的数量可能被认为是多余的。
