Tin Sze Pui Pamela, Lam Wendy W T, Yoon Sungwon, Zhang Na, Xia Nan, Zhang Weiwei, Ma Ke, Fielding Richard
Division of Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health, 5/F William MW Mong Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
PLoS One. 2016 Jan 22;11(1):e0146286. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146286. eCollection 2016.
Health needs of different employee subgroups within an industry can differ. We report the results of a workplace cardiopulmonary risk assessment targeting workers and support staff in the construction industry.
A free worksite-based cardiopulmonary risk assessment for 1,903 workers on infrastructural contracts across Hong Kong was initiated in May 2014. Cardiopulmonary risk screening was performed in 60-minute blocks for approximately 30 workers/block with individualized feedback and lifestyle counseling. Risk profiles stratified by occupational roles are differentiated using the χ2-test for categorical and Student's t-test for continuous variables.
Most construction workers and clerks/professionals were male (83.2% and 71.2%, respectively) and Chinese (78.7% and 90.9%, respectively). Construction workers were older (mean: 44.9 years, SD 11.5) and less well-educated (6.1% received tertiary education) than clerks/professionals (35.0 years, 10.7; 72.6% received tertiary education), but more likely to be hypertensive (22.6% vs. 15.4%, p<0.001), overweight/obese (71.7% vs. 56.6%, p<0.001), centrally obese (53.1% vs. 35.5%, p<0.001), and have undesirable levels of high-density lipoprotein (41.6% vs. 35.8%, p<0.05) and diabetic levels of non-fasting blood glucose (4.3% vs. 1.6%, p<0.05). Up to 12.6% of construction workers and 9.7% of office clerks/professions had three or more metabolic syndrome risk factors. While construction workers were more likely than clerks/professionals to be daily smokers, they reported better work-related physical activity and diet.
Simple worksite health risk screening can identify potentially high-cardiopulmonary-risk construction industry employee subgroups for onward confirmatory referral. Separate cardiopulmonary health promotion strategies that account for the varying lifestyle profiles of the two employee subgroups in the industry appear justified.
行业内不同员工亚组的健康需求可能存在差异。我们报告了一项针对建筑行业工人和辅助人员的工作场所心肺风险评估结果。
2014年5月，针对香港各地基础设施合同中的1903名工人开展了一项基于工作场所的免费心肺风险评估。以60分钟为一个时段进行心肺风险筛查，每个时段约30名工人，并提供个性化反馈和生活方式咨询。使用卡方检验对分类变量进行分层，使用学生t检验对连续变量进行分层，以区分按职业角色划分的风险概况。
大多数建筑工人和办事员/专业人员为男性（分别为83.2%和71.2%），且为中国人（分别为78.7%和90.9%）。建筑工人比办事员/专业人员年龄更大（平均：44.9岁，标准差11.5），受教育程度更低（6.1%接受过高等教育）（办事员/专业人员为35.0岁，标准差10.7；72.6%接受过高等教育），但更有可能患高血压（22.6%对15.4%，p<0.001）、超重/肥胖（71.7%对56.6%，p<0.001）、中心性肥胖（53.1%对35.5%，p<0.001），且高密度脂蛋白水平不理想（41.6%对35.8%，p<0.05）以及非空腹血糖水平达到糖尿病标准（4.3%对1.6%，p<0.05）。高达12.6%的建筑工人和9.7%的办公室办事员/专业人员有三种或更多代谢综合征风险因素。虽然建筑工人比办事员/专业人员更有可能每天吸烟，但他们报告的与工作相关的身体活动和饮食情况较好。
简单的工作场所健康风险筛查可以识别出潜在的高心肺风险建筑行业员工亚组，以便进行进一步的确诊转诊。针对该行业两个员工亚组不同生活方式特征制定单独的心肺健康促进策略似乎是合理的。
