Abd-Alla Adly M M, Kariithi Henry M, Cousserans François, Parker Nicolas J, İnce İkbal Agah, Scully Erin D, Boeren Sjef, Geib Scott M, Mekonnen Solomon, Vlak Just M, Parker Andrew G, Vreysen Marc J B, Bergoin Max
Insect Pest Control Laboratories, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria.
Biotechnology Research Institute, Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, PO Box 57811, Loresho, Nairobi, Kenya.
J Gen Virol. 2016 Apr;97(4):1010-1031. doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.000409. Epub 2016 Jan 21.
Glossina pallidipes salivary gland hypertrophy virus (GpSGHV; family Hytrosaviridae) can establish asymptomatic and symptomatic infection in its tsetse fly host. Here, we present a comprehensive annotation of the genome of an Ethiopian GpSGHV isolate (GpSGHV-Eth) compared with the reference Ugandan GpSGHV isolate (GpSGHV-Uga; GenBank accession number EF568108). GpSGHV-Eth has higher salivary gland hypertrophy syndrome prevalence than GpSGHV-Uga. We show that the GpSGHV-Eth genome has 190 291 nt, a low G+C content (27.9 %) and encodes 174 putative ORFs. Using proteogenomic and transcriptome mapping, 141 and 86 ORFs were mapped by transcripts and peptides, respectively. Furthermore, of the 174 ORFs, 132 had putative transcriptional signals [TATA-like box and poly(A) signals]. Sixty ORFs had both TATA-like box promoter and poly(A) signals, and mapped by both transcripts and peptides, implying that these ORFs encode functional proteins. Of the 60 ORFs, 10 ORFs are homologues to baculovirus and nudivirus core genes, including three per os infectivity factors and four RNA polymerase subunits (LEF4, 5, 8 and 9). Whereas GpSGHV-Eth and GpSGHV-Uga are 98.1 % similar at the nucleotide level, 37 ORFs in the GpSGHV-Eth genome had nucleotide insertions (n = 17) and deletions (n = 20) compared with their homologues in GpSGHV-Uga. Furthermore, compared with the GpSGHV-Uga genome, 11 and 24 GpSGHV ORFs were deleted and novel, respectively. Further, 13 GpSGHV-Eth ORFs were non-canonical; they had either CTG or TTG start codons instead of ATG. Taken together, these data suggest that GpSGHV-Eth and GpSGHV-Uga represent two different lineages of the same virus. Genetic differences combined with host and environmental factors possibly explain the differential GpSGHV pathogenesis observed in different G. pallidipes colonies.
采采蝇苍白亚种唾液腺肥大病毒（GpSGHV；希特罗病毒科）可在其采采蝇宿主中建立无症状和有症状感染。在此，我们展示了埃塞俄比亚GpSGHV分离株（GpSGHV-Eth）基因组的全面注释，并与参考乌干达GpSGHV分离株（GpSGHV-Uga；GenBank登录号EF568108）进行了比较。GpSGHV-Eth的唾液腺肥大综合征患病率高于GpSGHV-Uga。我们发现GpSGHV-Eth基因组有190291个核苷酸，G+C含量低（27.9%），编码174个推定的开放阅读框（ORF）。通过蛋白质基因组学和转录组图谱分析，分别有141个和86个ORF通过转录本和肽段进行了定位。此外，在174个ORF中，132个具有推定的转录信号[TATA样框和多聚（A）信号]。60个ORF同时具有TATA样框启动子和多聚（A）信号，并且通过转录本和肽段都进行了定位，这意味着这些ORF编码功能蛋白。在这60个ORF中，10个ORF是杆状病毒和裸病毒核心基因的同源物，包括三个经口感染因子和四个RNA聚合酶亚基（LEF4、5、8和9）。虽然GpSGHV-Eth和GpSGHV-Uga在核苷酸水平上相似度为９８.１％，但与GpSGHV-Uga中的同源物相比，GpSGHV-Eth基因组中有37个ORF存在核苷酸插入（n = 17）和缺失（n = 20）。此外，与GpSGHV-Uga基因组相比，GpSGHV分别有11个ORF缺失和24个新的ORF。此外，13个GpSGHV-Eth的ORF是非典型的；它们具有CTG或TTG起始密码子而非ATG。综上所述，这些数据表明GpSGHV-Eth和GpSGHV-Uga代表了同一病毒的两个不同谱系。遗传差异与宿主和环境因素可能共同解释了在不同采采蝇苍白亚种群体中观察到的GpSGHV发病机制差异。
