Vreysen Marc J B, Abd-Alla Adly M M, Bourtzis Kostas, Bouyer Jeremy, Caceres Carlos, de Beer Chantel, Oliveira Carvalho Danilo, Maiga Hamidou, Mamai Wadaka, Nikolouli Katerina, Yamada Hanano, Pereira Rui
Insect Pest Control Subprogramme, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, A-1400 Vienna, Austria.
Insects. 2021 Apr 13;12(4):346. doi: 10.3390/insects12040346.
The Joint FAO/IAEA Centre (formerly called Division) of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture was established in 1964 and its accompanying laboratories in 1961. One of its subprograms deals with insect pest control, and has the mandate to develop and implement the sterile insect technique (SIT) for selected key insect pests, with the goal of reducing the use of insecticides, reducing animal and crop losses, protecting the environment, facilitating international trade in agricultural commodities and improving human health. Since its inception, the Insect Pest Control Laboratory (IPCL) (formerly named Entomology Unit) has been implementing research in relation to the development of the SIT package for insect pests of crops, livestock and human health. This paper provides a review of research carried out between 2010 and 2020 at the IPCL. Research on plant pests has focused on the development of genetic sexing strains, characterizing and assessing the performance of these strains (e.g., ), elucidation of the taxonomic status of several members of the and complexes, the use of microbiota as probiotics, genomics, supplements to improve the performance of the reared insects, and the development of the SIT package for fruit fly species such as and . Research on livestock pests has focused on colony maintenance and establishment, tsetse symbionts and pathogens, sex separation, morphology, sterile male quality, radiation biology, mating behavior and transportation and release systems. Research with human disease vectors has focused on the development of genetic sexing strains (, and ), the development of a more cost-effective larvae and adult rearing system, assessing various aspects of radiation biology, characterizing symbionts and pathogens, studying mating behavior and the development of quality control procedures, and handling and release methods. During the review period, 13 coordinated research projects (CRPs) were completed and six are still being implemented. At the end of each CRP, the results were published in a special issue of a peer-reviewed journal. The review concludes with an overview of future challenges, such as the need to adhere to a phased conditional approach for the implementation of operational SIT programs, the need to make the SIT more cost effective, to respond with demand driven research to solve the problems faced by the operational SIT programs and the use of the SIT to address a multitude of exotic species that are being introduced, due to globalization, and established in areas where they could not survive before, due to climate change.
粮农组织/国际原子能机构粮食和农业核技术联合中心（前身为司）成立于1964年，其附属实验室成立于1961年。其一个子计划涉及害虫防治，其任务是为选定的关键害虫开发和实施昆虫不育技术（SIT），目标是减少杀虫剂的使用、减少动物和作物损失、保护环境、促进农产品国际贸易以及改善人类健康。自成立以来，害虫防治实验室（IPCL）（前身为昆虫学组）一直在开展与开发针对作物、牲畜和人类健康害虫的昆虫不育技术方案相关的研究。本文综述了2010年至2020年期间IPCL开展的研究。对植物害虫的研究重点包括遗传性别品系的开发、对这些品系性能的表征和评估（如 ）、阐明 复合体和 复合体几个成员的分类地位、将微生物群用作益生菌、基因组学、改善饲养昆虫性能的补充剂以及开发针对实蝇物种（如 和 ）的昆虫不育技术方案。对牲畜害虫的研究重点包括种群维持和建立、采采蝇共生体和病原体、性别分离、形态学、不育雄虫质量、辐射生物学、交配行为以及运输和释放系统。对人类疾病传播媒介的研究重点包括遗传性别品系的开发（ 、 和 ）、开发更具成本效益的幼虫和成虫饲养系统、评估辐射生物学的各个方面、表征共生体和病原体、研究交配行为以及质量控制程序的开发，以及处理和释放方法。在审查期间，完成了13个协调研究项目（CRP），6个项目仍在实施。在每个CRP结束时，结果发表在同行评审期刊的特刊上。综述最后概述了未来的挑战，例如实施操作性昆虫不育技术方案需要坚持分阶段有条件的方法、需要提高昆虫不育技术的成本效益、以需求驱动的研究来应对操作性昆虫不育技术方案面临的问题，以及利用昆虫不育技术应对因全球化而引入的众多外来物种，这些物种由于气候变化而在以前无法生存的地区得以立足。
