Ali Nedaa, Dashti Narjes, Salamah Samar, Al-Awadhi Husain, Sorkhoh Naser, Radwan Samir
Microbiology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, PO Box 5969, Safat, 13060, Kuwait.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2016 May;23(9):8686-98. doi: 10.1007/s11356-016-6057-y. Epub 2016 Jan 22.
Oil-contaminated seawater and desert soil batches were bioaugmented with suspensions of pea (Pisum sativum) rhizosphere and soil with long history of oil pollution. Oil consumption was measured by gas-liquid chromatography. Hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria in the bioremediation batches were counted using a mineral medium with oil vapor as a sole carbon source and characterized by their 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA)-gene sequences. Most of the oil was consumed during the first 2-4 months, and the oil-removal rate decreased or ceased thereafter due to nutrient and oxygen depletion. Supplying the batches with NaNO3 (nitrogen fertilization) at a late phase of bioremediation resulted in reenhanced oil consumption and bacterial growth. In the seawater batches bioaugmented with rhizospheric suspension, the autochthonous rhizospheric bacterial species Microbacterium oxidans and Rhodococcus spp. were established and contributed to oil-removal. The rhizosphere-bioaugmented soil batches selectively favored Arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus, Caulobacter segnis, and Ensifer adherens. In seawater batches bioaugmented with long-contaminated soil, the predominant oil-removing bacterium was the marine species Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus. In soil batches on the other hand, the autochthonous inhabitants of the long-contaminated soil, Pseudomonas and Massilia species were established and contributed to oil removal. It was concluded that the use of rhizospheric bacteria for inoculating seawater and desert soil and of bacteria in long-contaminated soil for inoculating desert soil follows the concept of "autochthonous bioaugmentation." Inoculating seawater with bacteria in long-contaminated soil, on the other hand, merits the designation "allochthonous bioaugmentation."
用豌豆（Pisum sativum）根际悬浮液和长期受石油污染的土壤对受油污染的海水和沙漠土壤批次进行生物强化。通过气液色谱法测量石油消耗量。使用以油蒸气作为唯一碳源的矿物培养基对生物修复批次中的烃分解细菌进行计数，并通过其16S核糖体RNA（rRNA）基因序列对其进行表征。大部分石油在最初的2 - 4个月内被消耗，此后由于营养物质和氧气耗尽，除油率下降或停止。在生物修复后期向批次中添加NaNO3（氮肥）导致石油消耗量和细菌生长重新增强。在用根际悬浮液进行生物强化的海水批次中，本地根际细菌物种氧化微杆菌（Microbacterium oxidans）和红球菌属（Rhodococcus spp.）得以定殖并有助于除油。根际生物强化的土壤批次选择性地有利于硝化瓜哇杆菌（Arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus）、迟缓柄杆菌（Caulobacter segnis）和粘附剑菌（Ensifer adherens）。在用长期受污染土壤进行生物强化的海水批次中，主要的除油细菌是海洋物种嗜油海洋杆菌（Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus）。另一方面，在土壤批次中，长期受污染土壤的本地居民假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）和马赛菌属（Massilia）物种得以定殖并有助于除油。得出的结论是，使用根际细菌接种海水和沙漠土壤以及使用长期受污染土壤中的细菌接种沙漠土壤遵循“本地生物强化”的概念。另一方面，用长期受污染土壤中的细菌接种海水值得称为“外来生物强化”。
