血浆植物甾醇水平在摄入植物甾醇后的四周内趋于稳定，且与胆固醇代谢无关。

Increases in plasma plant sterols stabilize within four weeks of plant sterol intake and are independent of cholesterol metabolism.

作者信息

Ras R T, Koppenol W P, Garczarek U, Otten-Hofman A, Fuchs D, Wagner F, Trautwein E A

机构信息

Unilever Research and Development Vlaardingen, Vlaardingen, the Netherlands.

出版信息

Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2016 Apr;26(4):302-9. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2015.11.007. Epub 2015 Dec 12.

DOI:10.1016/j.numecd.2015.11.007

PMID:26806045

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS

Plant sterols (PS) lower plasma LDL-cholesterol through partial inhibition of intestinal cholesterol absorption. Although PS themselves are poorly absorbed, increased intakes of PS result in elevated plasma concentrations. In this paper, we report time curves of changes in plasma PS during 12 weeks of PS intake. Furthermore, the impact of cholesterol synthesis and absorption on changes in plasma PS is explored.

METHODS AND RESULTS

The study was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study with the main aim to investigate the effects of PS on vascular function (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01803178). Hypercholesterolemic but otherwise healthy men and women (n = 240) consumed low-fat spreads without or with added PS (3 g/d) for 12 weeks after a 4-week run-in period. Blood sampling was performed at week 0, 4, 8 and 12. Basal cholesterol-standardized concentrations of lathosterol and sitosterol + campesterol were used as markers of cholesterol synthesis and absorption, respectively. In the PS group, plasma sitosterol and campesterol concentrations increased within the first 4 weeks of intervention by 69% (95%CI: 58; 82) starting at 7.2 μmol/L and by 28% (95%CI: 19; 39) starting at 11.4 μmol/L, respectively, and remained stable during the following 8 weeks. Placebo-corrected increases in plasma PS were not significantly different between high and low cholesterol synthesizers (P-values >0.05). Between high and low cholesterol absorbers, no significant differences were observed, except for the cholesterol-standardized sum of four major plasma PS (sitosterol, campesterol, brassicasterol and stigmasterol) showing larger increases in low absorbers (78.3% (95%CI: 51.7; 109.5)) compared to high absorbers (40.8% (95%CI: 19.9; 65.5)).

CONCLUSIONS

Increases in plasma PS stabilize within 4 weeks of PS intake and do not seem impacted by basal cholesterol synthesis or absorption efficiency. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01803178).

摘要

背景与目的

植物甾醇（PS）通过部分抑制肠道胆固醇吸收来降低血浆低密度脂蛋白胆固醇。尽管PS本身吸收较差，但PS摄入量增加会导致血浆浓度升高。在本文中，我们报告了摄入PS 12周期间血浆PS变化的时间曲线。此外，还探讨了胆固醇合成和吸收对血浆PS变化的影响。

方法与结果

该研究为双盲、随机、安慰剂对照、平行组研究，主要目的是研究PS对血管功能的影响（clinicaltrials.gov：NCT01803178）。高胆固醇血症但其他方面健康的男性和女性（n = 240）在经过4周的导入期后，食用不含或添加PS（3 g/d）的低脂涂抹酱，持续12周。在第0、4、8和12周进行血液采样。分别以基础胆固醇标准化的羊毛甾醇和谷甾醇+菜油甾醇浓度作为胆固醇合成和吸收的标志物。在PS组中，干预的前4周内，血浆谷甾醇和菜油甾醇浓度分别从7.2 μmol/L开始增加69%（95%CI：58；82），从11.4 μmol/L开始增加28%（95%CI：19；39），并在随后的8周内保持稳定。高胆固醇合成者和低胆固醇合成者之间，经安慰剂校正后的血浆PS增加量无显著差异（P值>0.05）。在高胆固醇吸收者和低胆固醇吸收者之间，除了四种主要血浆PS（谷甾醇、菜油甾醇、油菜甾醇和豆甾醇）的胆固醇标准化总和显示低吸收者（78.3%（95%CI：51.7；109.5））比高吸收者（40.8%（95%CI：19.9；65.5））增加幅度更大外，未观察到显著差异。