特发性帕金森病患者情绪识别与体验完整，但情绪调节功能失调。
Intact emotion recognition and experience but dysfunctional emotion regulation in idiopathic Parkinson's disease.
作者信息
Ille Rottraut, Wabnegger Albert, Schwingenschuh Petra, Katschnig-Winter Petra, Kögl-Wallner Mariella, Wenzel Karoline, Schienle Anne
机构信息
Clinical Psychology, University of Graz, Austria.
Clinical Psychology, University of Graz, Austria.
出版信息
J Neurol Sci. 2016 Feb 15;361:72-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2015.12.007. Epub 2015 Dec 8.
BACKGROUND
A specific non-motor impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD) concerns difficulties to accurately identify facial emotions. Findings are numerous but very inconsistent, ranging from general discrimination deficits to problems for specific emotions up to no impairment at all. By contrast, only a few studies exist about emotion experience, altered affective traits and states in PD.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the decoding capacity for affective facial expressions, affective experience of emotion-eliciting images and affective personality traits in PD.
METHODS
The study sample included 25 patients with mild to moderate symptom intensity and 25 healthy controls (HC) of both sexes. The participants were shown pictures of facial expressions depicting disgust, fear, and anger as well as disgusting and fear-relevant scenes. Additionally, they answered self-report scales for the assessment of affective traits.
RESULTS
PD patients had more problems in controlling anger and disgust feelings than HC. Higher disgust sensitivity in PD was associated with lower functioning in everyday life and lower capacity to recognize angry faces. Furthermore, patients reported less disgust towards poor hygiene and spoiled food and they stated elevated anxiety. However, the clinical group displayed intact facial emotion decoding and emotion experience. Everyday life functionality was lowered in PD and decreased with stronger motor impairment. Furthermore, disease duration was negatively associated to correct classification of angry faces.
CONCLUSIONS
Our data indicate that problems with emotion regulation may appear already in earlier disease stages of PD. By contrast, PD patients showed appropriate emotion recognition and experience. However, data also point to a deterioration of emotion recognition capacity with the course of the disease. Compensatory mechanisms in PD patients with less advanced disease are discussed.
背景
帕金森病（PD）中一种特定的非运动障碍是难以准确识别面部表情。相关研究结果众多，但非常不一致，从普遍的辨别缺陷到特定情绪方面的问题，甚至到完全没有损伤。相比之下，关于PD患者情绪体验、情感特质和状态改变的研究较少。
目的
研究PD患者对情感面部表情的解码能力、引发情绪图像的情感体验以及情感人格特质。
方法
研究样本包括25名症状强度为轻度至中度的患者和25名健康对照者（HC），男女均有。向参与者展示描绘厌恶、恐惧和愤怒的面部表情图片以及令人厌恶和与恐惧相关的场景。此外，他们回答用于评估情感特质的自我报告量表。
结果
与健康对照者相比，PD患者在控制愤怒和厌恶情绪方面存在更多问题。PD患者较高的厌恶敏感性与日常生活功能较低以及识别愤怒面孔的能力较低有关。此外，患者对不良卫生和变质食物的厌恶感较低，且他们表示焦虑情绪升高。然而，临床组面部情绪解码和情绪体验完好。PD患者的日常生活功能降低，且随着运动障碍加重而下降。此外，病程与愤怒面孔的正确分类呈负相关。
结论
我们的数据表明，情绪调节问题可能在PD的疾病早期阶段就已出现。相比之下，PD患者表现出适当的情绪识别和体验。然而，数据也表明情绪识别能力会随着疾病进展而恶化。讨论了疾病程度较轻的PD患者的代偿机制。
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