Jones Laura K, Jennings Bonnie Mowinski, Goelz Ryan M, Haythorn Kent W, Zivot Joel B, de Waal Frans B M
Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Ann Behav Med. 2016 Aug;50(4):487-96. doi: 10.1007/s12160-016-9773-0.
The operating room (OR) is a highly social and hierarchical setting where interprofessional team members must work interdependently under pressure. Due primarily to methodological challenges, the social and behavioral sciences have had trouble offering insight into OR dynamics.
We adopted a method from the field of ethology for observing and quantifying the interpersonal interactions of OR team members.
We created and refined an ethogram, a catalog of all our subjects' observable social behaviors. The ethogram was then assessed for its feasibility and interobserver reliability.
It was feasible to use an ethogram to gather data in the OR. The high interobserver reliability (Cohen's Kappa coefficients of 81 % and higher) indicates its utility for yielding largely objective, descriptive, quantitative data on OR behavior.
The method we propose has potential for social research conducted in healthcare settings as complex as the OR.
手术室是一个具有高度社会性和层级性的环境，跨专业团队成员必须在压力下相互依存地工作。主要由于方法上的挑战，社会科学和行为科学在深入了解手术室动态方面存在困难。
我们采用了动物行为学领域的一种方法来观察和量化手术室团队成员的人际互动。
我们创建并完善了一个行为图谱，即对所有研究对象可观察到的社会行为的分类记录。然后对该行为图谱的可行性和观察者间信度进行了评估。
使用行为图谱在手术室收集数据是可行的。较高的观察者间信度（科恩kappa系数达81%及以上）表明其有助于生成关于手术室行为的基本客观、描述性的定量数据。
我们提出的方法对于在像手术室这样复杂的医疗环境中开展社会研究具有潜力。
