Dias João Victor Leite, Queiroz Dimas Ramon Mota, Martins Helen Rodrigues, Gorla David Eladio, Pires Herton Helder Rocha, Diotaiuti Liléia
Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brasil.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2016 Jan;111(1):43-50. doi: 10.1590/0074-02760150352.
Reports of triatomine infestation in urban areas have increased. We analysed the spatial distribution of infestation by triatomines in the urban area of Diamantina, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Triatomines were obtained by community-based entomological surveillance. Spatial patterns of infestation were analysed by Ripley's K function and Kernel density estimator. Normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) and land cover derived from satellite imagery were compared between infested and uninfested areas. A total of 140 adults of four species were captured (100 Triatoma vitticeps, 25 Panstrongylus geniculatus, 8 Panstrongylus megistus, and 7 Triatoma arthurneivai specimens). In total, 87.9% were captured within domiciles. Infection by trypanosomes was observed in 19.6% of 107 examined insects. The spatial distributions ofT. vitticeps, P. geniculatus, T. arthurneivai, and trypanosome-positive triatomines were clustered, occurring mainly in peripheral areas. NDVI values were statistically higher in areas infested by T. vitticeps and P. geniculatus. Buildings infested by these species were located closer to open fields, whereas infestations of P. megistus and T. arthurneivai were closer to bare soil. Human occupation and modification of natural areas may be involved in triatomine invasion, exposing the population to these vectors.
城市地区锥蝽滋生的报告有所增加。我们分析了巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州迪亚曼蒂纳市区锥蝽滋生的空间分布情况。锥蝽通过社区昆虫学监测获取。利用Ripley's K函数和核密度估计器分析了滋生的空间格局。比较了受侵扰地区和未受侵扰地区的归一化植被指数（NDVI）以及卫星图像得出的土地覆盖情况。共捕获了四种锥蝽的140只成虫（100只维氏锥蝽、25只弯刺锥蝽、8只大锥蝽和7只阿氏锥蝽标本）。总计87.9%是在住所内捕获的。在107只被检查的昆虫中，19.6%检测到感染了锥虫。维氏锥蝽、弯刺锥蝽、阿氏锥蝽和锥虫阳性锥蝽的空间分布呈聚集状态，主要出现在周边地区。维氏锥蝽和弯刺锥蝽侵扰地区的NDVI值在统计学上更高。受这些物种侵扰的建筑物距离开阔地更近，而大锥蝽和阿氏锥蝽的侵扰则更靠近裸土。人类对自然区域的占用和改造可能与锥蝽入侵有关，使人群暴露于这些传播媒介之下。
