State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing 100085, China.
Institute for Geophysics and Meteorology, University of Cologne, Cologne 50923, Germany.
Sci Total Environ. 2016 Apr 15;550:167-175. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.110. Epub 2016 Jan 24.
The resuspension of road dust from street surfaces could be a big contributor to atmospheric particulate pollution in the rapid urbanization context in the world. However, to date what its potential contribution to the spatial pattern is little known. Here we developed an innovative index model called the road dust index (RI<105μm) and it combines source and transport factors for road dust particles <105μm in diameter. It could quantify and differentiate the impact of the spatial distribution of the potential risks posed by metals associated with road dust on atmospheric suspended particles. The factors were ranked and weighted based on road dust characteristics (the amounts, grain sizes, and mobilities of the road dust, and the concentrations and toxicities of metals in the road dust). We then applied the RI<105μm in the Beijing region to assess the spatial distribution of the potential risks posed by metals associated with road dust on atmospheric suspended particles. The results demonstrated that the road dust in urban areas has higher potential risk of metal to atmospheric particles than that in rural areas. The RI<105μm method offers a new and useful tool for assessing the potential risks posed by metals associated with road dust on atmospheric suspended particles and for controlling atmospheric particulate pollution caused by road dust emissions.
道路灰尘从街道表面再悬浮可能是世界快速城市化背景下大气颗粒物污染的一个重要贡献因素。然而，迄今为止，其对空间格局的潜在贡献还知之甚少。在这里，我们开发了一种名为道路灰尘指数（RI<105μm）的创新指数模型，它结合了直径<105μm 的道路灰尘颗粒的源和传输因素。它可以量化和区分与道路灰尘相关的金属对大气悬浮颗粒物潜在风险的空间分布的影响。这些因素是根据道路灰尘的特征（道路灰尘的数量、粒度和迁移率，以及道路灰尘中金属的浓度和毒性）进行排名和加权的。然后，我们将 RI<105μm 应用于北京市，以评估与道路灰尘相关的金属对大气悬浮颗粒物潜在风险的空间分布。结果表明，城市地区道路灰尘对金属的大气颗粒物的潜在风险高于农村地区。RI<105μm 方法为评估与道路灰尘相关的金属对大气悬浮颗粒物的潜在风险以及控制由道路灰尘排放引起的大气颗粒物污染提供了一种新的有用工具。
