Ruberry Erika J, Lengua Liliana J, Crocker Leanna Harris, Bruce Jacqueline, Upshaw Michaela B, Sommerville Jessica A
University of Washington.
Oregon Social Learning Center.
Dev Psychopathol. 2017 Feb;29(1):143-154. doi: 10.1017/S095457941600002X. Epub 2016 Jan 28.
This study aimed to specify the neural mechanisms underlying the link between low household income and diminished executive control in the preschool period. Specifically, we examined whether individual differences in the neural processes associated with executive attention and inhibitory control accounted for income differences observed in performance on a neuropsychological battery of executive control tasks. The study utilized a sample of preschool-aged children (N = 118) whose families represented the full range of income, with 32% of families at/near poverty, 32% lower income, and 36% middle to upper income. Children completed a neuropsychological battery of executive control tasks and then completed two computerized executive control tasks while EEG data were collected. We predicted that differences in the event-related potential (ERP) correlates of executive attention and inhibitory control would account for income differences observed on the executive control battery. Income and ERP measures were related to performance on the executive control battery. However, income was unrelated to ERP measures. The findings suggest that income differences observed in executive control during the preschool period might relate to processes other than executive attention and inhibitory control.
本研究旨在明确学前阶段家庭收入低与执行控制能力下降之间联系背后的神经机制。具体而言，我们考察了与执行性注意和抑制控制相关的神经过程中的个体差异，是否能够解释在一组执行控制任务的神经心理学测试中观察到的收入差异。该研究使用了一个学前儿童样本（N = 118），其家庭收入涵盖了所有范围，其中32%的家庭处于贫困线/接近贫困，32%为低收入家庭，36%为中高收入家庭。儿童完成了一组执行控制任务的神经心理学测试，然后在收集脑电图（EEG）数据的同时完成两项计算机化执行控制任务。我们预测，执行性注意和抑制控制的事件相关电位（ERP）相关性差异，将能够解释在执行控制测试中观察到的收入差异。收入和ERP测量结果与执行控制测试的表现相关。然而，收入与ERP测量结果无关。研究结果表明，在学前阶段执行控制中观察到的收入差异，可能与执行性注意和抑制控制以外的过程有关。
